Articles

Development of a PCR Assay to detect Papillomavirus Infection in the Snow Leopard

Papillomaviruses (PVs) are a group of small, non-encapsulated, species-specific DNA viruses that have been detected in a variety of mammalian and avian species including humans, canines and felines. PVs cause ...

Authors: Katherine Mitsouras, Erica A Faulhaber, Gordon Hui, Janis O Joslin, Curtis Eng, Margaret C Barr and Kristopher JL Irizarry

Evaluation of pathogenesis caused in cattle and guinea pig by a Mycobacterium bovisstrain isolated from wild boar

In many regions of the world, wild mammals act as reservoir of Mycobacterium bovis, a situation that prevents the eradication of bovine tuberculosis. In order to observe whether a strain isolated from a wild boar...

Authors: Virginia Meikle, María V Bianco, Federico C Blanco, Andrea Gioffré, Sergio Garbaccio, Lucas Vagnoni, Julio Di Rienzo, Ana Canal, Fabiana Bigi and Angel Cataldi

Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used in the treatment of animal diarrhoea in Plateau State, Nigeria

The use of medicinal plants in the treatment of diseases has generated renewed interest in recent times, as herbal preparations are increasingly being used in both human and animal healthcare systems. Diarrhoe...

Authors: Nkechi V Offiah, Sunday Makama, Ishaku L Elisha, Micah S Makoshi, Jurbe G Gotep, Christiana J Dawurung, Olusola O Oladipo, Ann S Lohlum and David Shamaki

A novel point mutation within the EDA gene causes an exon dropping in mature RNA in Holstein Friesian cattle breed affected by X-linked anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia

X-linked anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia is a disorder characterized by abnormal development of tissues and organs of ectodermal origin caused by mutations in the EDA gene. The bovine EDA gene encodes the ectodys...

Authors: Maria Gargani, Alessio Valentini and Lorraine Pariset

Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection in the grey partridge Perdix perdix: outbreak description, histopathology, biochemistry and antioxidant parameters

The grey partridge is an important game bird in Europe that has declined considerably over the last decades. The production and release of farm-bred birds can be threatened by infectious agents. The objective ...

Authors: Frantisek Vitula, Lucie Peckova, Hana Bandouchova, Miroslav Pohanka, Ladislav Novotny, David Jira, Jiri Kral, Karel Ondracek, Jitka Osickova, Dagmar Zendulkova, Katerina Rosenbergova, Frantisek Treml and Jiri Pikula

Matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in canine mammary tumors

Malignant canine mammary tumors represent 50% of all neoplasms in female dogs. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are thought to be involved in tumor progressi...

Authors: Luca Aresu, Mery Giantin, Emanuela Morello, Marta Vascellari, Massimo Castagnaro, Rosa Lopparelli, Vanessa Zancanella, Anna Granato, Spiridione Garbisa, Arianna Aricò, Alice Bradaschia, Franco Mutinelli and Mauro Dacasto

Molecular characterization and phylogenetic study of peste des petits ruminants viruses from North central States of Nigeria

Peste des petits ruminants is an endemic disease of sheep and goats in Nigeria and vaccination has been the method of control but sporadic outbreaks have been reported. This study was carried out to characteri...

Authors: Pam D Luka, Joseph Erume, Frank N Mwiine, Chrisostom Ayebazibwe and David Shamaki

Demographics of cattle movements in the United Kingdom

The United Kingdom (UK) government has been recording the births, deaths, and movements of cattle for the last decade. Despite reservations about the accuracy of these data, they represent a large and valuable...

Authors: Matthew C Vernon

The increase of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) and the presence of an unusual sequence type ST49 in slaughter pigs in Switzerland

In years past, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) has been frequently detected in pigs in Europe, North America and Asia. Recent, yet sporadic studies have revealed a low occurrence of MRSA in Switzerland. In...

Authors: Gudrun Overesch, Sabina Büttner, Alexandra Rossano and Vincent Perreten

High frequency of chlamydial co-infections in clinically healthy sheep flocks

The epidemiological situation of ovine chlamydial infections in continental Europe, especially Germany is poorly characterised. Using the German state of Thuringia as a model example, the chlamydial sero- and ...

Authors: Hannah Lenzko, Udo Moog, Klaus Henning, Robert Lederbach, Roland Diller, Christian Menge, Konrad Sachse and Lisa D Sprague

The spatial distribution of pet dogs and pet cats on the island of Ireland

There is considerable international research regarding the link between human demographics and pet ownership. In several international studies, pet ownership was associated with household demographics includin...

Authors: Martin J Downes, Tracy A Clegg, Daniel M Collins, Guy McGrath and Simon J More

Survey of domestic cattle for anti-Leishmania antibodies and LeishmaniaDNA in a visceral leishmaniasis endemic area of Bangladesh

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), caused by an intracellular parasite Leishmania donovani in the Indian subcontinent, is considered to be anthroponotic. The role of domestic animals in its transmission is still unclea...

Authors: Mohammad Shafiul Alam, Debashis Ghosh, Md Gulam Musawwir Khan, Mohammad Faizul Islam, Dinesh Mondal, Makoto Itoh, Md Nurul Islam and Rashidul Haque

Growth and differentiation of primary and passaged equine bronchial epithelial cells under conventional and air-liquid-interface culture conditions

Horses develop recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) that resembles human bronchial asthma. Differentiated primary equine bronchial epithelial cells (EBEC) in culture that closely mimic the airway cells in vivo woul...

Authors: Getu Abraham, Claudia Zizzadoro, Johannes Kacza, Christin Ellenberger, Vanessa Abs, Jana Franke, Heinz-Adolf Schoon, Johannes Seeger, Yohannes Tesfaigzi and Fritz R Ungemach

Clinical, electroretinographic and histomorphometric evaluation of the retina in sheep with natural scrapie

The retina is part of the diencephalon in a peripheral location and may be involved in prion diseases. Retinal function and structural changes were assessed in naturally scrapie-affected red face Manech ewes p...

Authors: Alain Regnier, Olivier Andreoletti, Olivier Albaric, Delphine Cayez Gruson, François Schelcher and Pierre-Louis Toutain

Mouldy feed, mycotoxins and Shiga toxin - producing Escherichia colicolonization associated with Jejunal Hemorrhage Syndrome in beef cattle

Both O157 and non-O157 Shiga toxin - producing Escherichia coli (STECs) cause serious human disease outbreaks through the consumption of contaminated foods. Cattle are considered the main reservoir but it is uncl...

Authors: Danica Baines, Stephanie Erb, Kelly Turkington, Gretchen Kuldau, Jean Juba, Luke Masson, Alberto Mazza and Ray Roberts

Effect of 50% and maximal inspired oxygen concentrations on respiratory variables in isoflurane-anesthetized horses

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of 0.5 fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO₂) and >0.95 FiO₂ on pulmonary gas exchange, shunt fraction and oxygen delivery (DO₂) in dorsally recumbent horses durin...

Authors: John AE Hubbell, Turi K Aarnes, Richard M Bednarski, Phillip Lerche and William W Muir

Complete transposition of the aorta and pulmonary artery in a Belgian Blue crossbreed calf: A case report

Complete transposition of the great arteries is a congenital cardiac malformation occasionally encountered in cattle and other species. The objective of the present report was to provide a detailed clinical, e...

Authors: Walter Grünberg, Leonie WL van Bruggen, Susanne WF Eisenberg, Erik AWS Weerts and Alan Wolfe

Multiple congenital ocular anomalies in Icelandic horses

Multiple congenital ocular anomalies (MCOA) syndrome is a hereditary congenital eye defect that was first described in Silver colored Rocky Mountain horses. The mutation causing this disease is located within ...

Authors: Lisa S Andersson, Jeanette Axelsson, Richard R Dubielzig, Gabriella Lindgren and Björn Ekesten

Ultrasonographic findings in a cow with abomasal lymphosarcoma: Case report

This case report describes the clinical and ultrasonographic findings in a Swiss Braunvieh cow with lymphosarcoma of the abomasum.

Authors: Ueli Braun, Charlotte Schnetzler, Martina Dettwiler, Titus Sydler, Sven Meyer and Christian Gerspach

In vitro-generated interspecific recombinants between bovine herpesviruses 1 and 5 show attenuated replication characteristics and establish latency in the natural host

Interspecific recombinant viruses R1ΔgC and R2ΔgI were isolated after in vitro co-infection with BoHV-1 and BoHV-5, two closely related alphaherpesviruses that infect cattle. The genetic characterization of R1ΔgC...

Authors: Maria P Del Medico Zajac, Sonia A Romera, María F Ladelfa, Fiorella Kotsias, Fernando Delgado, Julien Thiry, François Meurens, Günther Keil, Etienne Thiry and Benoît Muylkens

A novel integrase-containing element may interact with Laem-Singh virus (LSNV) to cause slow growth in giant tiger shrimp

From 2001-2003 monodon slow growth syndrome (MSGS) caused severe economic losses for Thai shrimp farmers who cultivated the native, giant tiger shrimp, and this led them to adopt exotic stocks of the domestica...

Authors: Wattana Panphut, Saengchan Senapin, Siriporn Sriurairatana, Boonsirm Withyachumnarnkul and Timothy W Flegel

Detection and differentiation of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ticks collected from sheep and cattle in China

Lyme disease caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex is an important endemic zoonosis whose distribution is closely related to the main ixodid tick vectors. In China, isolated cases of Lyme disease infe...

Authors: Qingli Niu, Guiquan Guan, Jifei Yang, Yuguang Fu, Zongke Xu, Youquan Li, Miling Ma, Zhijie Liu, Junlong Liu, Aihong Liu, Qiaoyun Ren, Wayne Jorgensen, Jianxun Luo and Hong Yin

Physiological and behavioral reactions elicited by simulated and real-life visual and acoustic helicopter stimuli in dairy goats

Anecdotal reports and a few scientific publications suggest that flyovers of helicopters at low altitude may elicit fear- or anxiety-related behavioral reactions in grazing feral and farm animals. We investiga...

Authors: Franz Josef van der Staay, Martin Joosse, Henk van Dijk, Teun Schuurman and Jan van der Meulen

Lack of evidence of a beneficial effect of azathioprine in dogs treated with prednisolone for idiopathic immune-mediated hemolytic anemia: a retrospective cohort study

Azathioprine is used as an immunosuppressant in canine immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA), but this potentially toxic and carcinogenic drug has not been proven to be beneficial. The aim of this study was ...

Authors: Christine J Piek, Willem Evert van Spil, Greet Junius and Aldo Dekker

Use of spatiotemporal analysis of laboratory submission data to identify potential outbreaks of new or emerging diseases in cattle in Great Britain

New and emerging diseases of livestock may impact animal welfare, trade and public health. Early detection of outbreaks can reduce the impact of these diseases by triggering control measures that limit the num...

Authors: Kieran Hyder, Alberto Vidal-Diez, Joanna Lawes, A Robin Sayers, Ailsa Milnes, Linda Hoinville and Alasdair JC Cook

Q fever abortions in ruminants and associated on-farm risk factors in northern Cyprus

Authors: Hasan Cantas, Adrian Muwonge, Baris Sareyyupoglu, Hakan Yardimci and Eystein Skjerve

Reported analgesic administration to rabbits undergoing experimental surgical procedures

It has become widely accepted that whenever animals are used in scientific procedures, the 3Rs principle of replacement, reduction and refinement described by William Russell and Rex Burch should be adhered to...

Authors: Claire A Coulter, Paul A Flecknell, Matthew C Leach and Claire A Richardson

Ultrasonography of the omasum in 30 Saanen goats

Primary diseases of the omasum are uncommon in goats, although the omasum may be involved in various gastrointestinal disorders. Examination of the caprine omasum via ultrasonography requires a good understand...

Authors: Ueli Braun and Désirée Jacquat

Ingestion of colostrum from specific cows induces Bovine Neonatal Pancytopenia (BNP) in some calves

Since 2006, cases of haemorrhagic diathesis in young calves have been observed with a much higher incidence than previously known. The syndrome, now uniformly called Bovine Neonatal Pancytopenia (BNP), is char...

Authors: Annette Friedrich, Mathias Büttner, Günter Rademacher, Wolfgang Klee, Bianca K Weber, Matthias Müller, Annette Carlin, Aryan Assad, Angela Hafner-Marx and Carola M Sauter-Louis

Efficacy of European starling control to reduce Salmonella enterica contamination in a concentrated animal feeding operation in the Texas panhandle

European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) are an invasive bird species known to cause damage to plant and animal agriculture. New evidence suggests starlings may also contribute to the maintenance and spread of disea...

Authors: James C Carlson, Richard M Engeman, Doreene R Hyatt, Rickey L Gilliland, Thomas J DeLiberto, Larry Clark, Michael J Bodenchuk and George M Linz

Characterization of BoHV-5 field strains circulation and report of transient specific subtype of bovine herpesvirus 5 in Argentina

Bovine herpesvirus 5 (BoHV-5) is a member of the subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae responsible for meningo-encephalitis in young cattle. The first case of bovine meningo-encephalitis associated with a herpesvirus infe...

Authors: Silvina S Maidana, María F Ladelfa, Sandra E Pérez, Patricia M Lomónaco, María P Del Médico Zajac, Anselmo Odeón, Javier Blanco Viera, Gustavo Combessies, Norberto Fondevila, María Palacios, Julien Thiry, Benoît Muylkens, Etienne Thiry and Sonia A Romera

Sparse PrP^Scaccumulation in the placentas of goats with naturally acquired scrapie

Domestic goats (Capra hircus) are a natural and experimental host of scrapie and bovine spongiform encephalopathy, the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) of sheep and cattle. Goats are also susceptib...

Authors: Katherine I O'Rourke, Dongyue Zhuang, Thomas C Truscott, Huijan Yan and David A Schneider

Prevalence and characteristics of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci from livestock, chicken carcasses, bulk tank milk, minced meat, and contact persons

Methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MR-CNS) are of increasing importance to animal and public health. In veterinary medicine and along the meat and milk production line, only limited data w...

Authors: Helen Huber, Dominik Ziegler, Valentin Pflüger, Guido Vogel, Claudio Zweifel and Roger Stephan

Multiple-locus, variable number of tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) of the fish-pathogen Francisella noatunensis

Since Francisella noatunensis was first isolated from cultured Atlantic cod in 2004, it has emerged as a global fish pathogen causing disease in both warm and cold water species. Outbreaks of francisellosis occur...

Authors: Øyvind J Brevik, Karl F Ottem and Are Nylund

Use of a Western blot technique for the serodiagnosis of glanders

The in vivo diagnosis of glanders relies on the highly sensitive complement fixation test (CFT). Frequently observed false positive results are troublesome for veterinary authorities and cause financial losses...

Authors: Mandy C Elschner, Holger C Scholz, Falk Melzer, Muhammad Saqib, Peggy Marten, Astrid Rassbach, Michael Dietzsch, Gernot Schmoock, Vania L de Assis Santana, Marcilia MA de Souza, Renate Wernery, Ulrich Wernery and Heinrich Neubauer

An evaluation of casein hydrolyzate in combination with antibiotic for bacterial cure and subsequent increase in milk yield in dairy cows

A 3-yr study examined whether prepartum treatment with casein hydrolyzate in combination with antibiotic, as routinely used in Israel for dry cow therapy, improved bacterial cure and increased milk yield in su...

Authors: Gabriel Leitner, Shamay Jacoby and Nissim Silanikove

Duodenal ileus caused by a calf feeding nipple in a cow

The aim of this report was to describe duodenal obstruction caused by a rubber foreign body in a cow.

Authors: Ueli Braun, Charlotte Schnetzler, Matteo Previtali, Christian Gerspach and Tanja Schmid

A randomized triple blind trial to assess the effect of an anthelmintic programme for working equids in Morocco

Gastro-intestinal parasitism has been identified as a significant cause of disease in working equids in many countries. This randomized triple-blind trial was designed to assess the impact of an anthelmintic t...

Authors: Michael A Crane, Khalid Khallaayoune, Claire Scantlebury and Robert M Christley

Spread of porcine circovirus associated disease (PCVAD) in Ontario (Canada) swine herds: Part I. Exploratory spatial analysis

The systemic form of porcine circovirus associated disease (PCVAD), also known as postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) was initially detected in the early 1990s. Starting in 2004, the Canadian swi...

Authors: Zvonimir Poljak, Catherine E Dewey, Thomas Rosendal, Robert M Friendship, Beth Young and Olaf Berke

Spread of porcine circovirus associated disease (PCVAD) in Ontario (Canada) swine herds: Part II. Matched case-control study

The emergence of porcine circovirus associated disease (PCVAD) was associated with high mortality in swine populations worldwide. Studies performed in different regions identified spatial, temporal, and spatio...

Authors: Zvonimir Poljak, Catherine E Dewey, Thomas Rosendal, Robert M Friendship, Beth Young and Olaf Berke

Impact of antigenic and genetic drift on the serologic surveillance of H5N2 avian influenza viruses

Serologic surveillance of Avian Influenza (AI) viruses is carried out by the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test using reference reagents. This method is recommended by animal health organizations as a stand...

Authors: Magdalena Escorcia, Karol Carrillo-Sánchez, Santiago March-Mifsut, Joaquin Chapa, Eduardo Lucio and Gerardo M Nava

Unsupervised clustering of wildlife necropsy data for syndromic surveillance

The importance of wildlife disease surveillance is increasing, because wild animals are playing a growing role as sources of emerging infectious disease events in humans. Syndromic surveillance methods have be...

Authors: Eva Warns-Petit, Eric Morignat, Marc Artois and Didier Calavas

An on-farm investigation of beef suckler herds using an animal welfare index (AWI)

Beef suckler farms (194 farms throughout 13 counties) were assessed once with housed cattle and once with cattle at grass using an animal welfare index (AWI). Twenty-three of the 194 farms were revisited a yea...

Authors: Mickael Mazurek, Daniel J Prendiville, Mark A Crowe, Isabelle Veissier and Bernadette Earley

The role of African buffalos (syncerus caffer) in the maintenance of foot-and-mouth disease in Uganda

To study the role of African buffalos (Syncerus caffer) in the maintenance of foot-and-mouth disease in Uganda, serum samples were collected from 207 African buffalos, 21 impalas (Aepyceros melampus), 1 giraffe (

Authors: Chrisostom Ayebazibwe, Frank N Mwiine, Kirsten Tjørnehøj, Sheila N Balinda, Vincent B Muwanika, Anna R Ademun Okurut, Graham J Belsham, Preben Normann, Hans R Siegismund and Soren Alexandersen

Relationship between clinical signs and postmortem test status in cattle experimentally infected with the bovine spongiform encephalopathy agent

Various clinical protocols have been developed to aid in the clinical diagnosis of classical bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), which is confirmed by postmortem examinations based on vacuolation and accum...

Authors: Timm Konold, A Robin Sayers, Amanda Sach, Gemma E Bone, Steven van Winden, Gerald AH Wells, Marion M Simmons, Michael J Stack, Angus Wear and Steve AC Hawkins

Prevalence and analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in chinchillas

Chinchillas (Chinchilla laniger) are popular as pets and are often used as laboratory animals for various studies. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major infectious agent that causes otitis media, pneumonia, septicaem...

Authors: Yasuko Hirakawa, Hiraku Sasaki, Eiichi Kawamoto, Hiroki Ishikawa, Tetsuya Matsumoto, Naoki Aoyama, Koh Kawasumi and Hiromi Amao

Serosurvey for selected pathogens in Iberian roe deer

The roe deer is the most abundant and widespread wild Eurasian cervid. Its populations are expanding and increasingly in contact with livestock. This may affect the distribution of infectious diseases shared w...

Authors: Mariana Boadella, Tania Carta, Álvaro Oleaga, Gerardo Pajares, Marta Muñoz and Christian Gortázar

Antibody response to a sterile filtered PPD tuberculin in M. bovis infected and M. bovis sensitized cattle

Bovine tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium bovis, afflicts approximately 50 million cattle worldwide and is detected by the tuberculin skin test (TST). While it has long been recognized that purified protein de...

Authors: Bryan Rennie, Lionel G Filion and Nonie Smart

Ovine serum biomarkers of early and late phase scrapie

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies are fatal neurodegenerative disease occurring in animals and humans for which no ante-mortem diagnostic test in biological fluids is available. In such pathologies, detec...

Authors: Isabelle Batxelli-Molina, Nicolas Salvetat, Olivier Andréoletti, Luc Guerrier, Guillaume Vicat, Franck Molina and Chantal Mourton-Gilles

Micro ecosystems from feed industry surfaces: a survival and biofilm study of Salmonellaversus host resident flora strains

The presence of Salmonella enterica serovars in feed ingredients, products and processing facilities is a well recognized problem worldwide. In Norwegian feed factories, strict control measures are implemented to...

Authors: Olivier Habimana, Trond Møretrø, Solveig Langsrud, Lene K Vestby, Live L Nesse and Even Heir