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  1. Humoral immunity plays an important role in the prevention of canine distemper. Anti-CD virus (CDV) antibody has strong antiviral activity and is widely used in the treatment of CD. However, with the increase ...

    Authors: Jianlou Zhang, Dan Cui, Yuzhu Zuo, Zhiqiang Zheng, Fengyang Wu, Wenyan Li, Yonghong Zhang, Shanshan Huo, Nan Li, Lanhui Li, Yueqiang Guan and Fei Zhong

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:266

    Content type: Research article

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  2. Blood biochemistry and reference intervals help to differentiate between healthy and ill dogs as well as to provide information for the prognosis, evaluation, and monitoring; however, these intervals are often...

    Authors: Ana Luisa Montoya Navarrete, Teódulo Quezada Tristán, Samuel Lozano Santillán, Raúl Ortiz Martínez, Arturo Gerardo Valdivia Flores, Lizbeth Martínez Martínez and María Carolina De Luna López

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:265

    Content type: Research article

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  3. Equine grass sickness (EGS) has been reported in several European and extra-European countries. Despite this, no scientific paper about clinical cases of EGS in Italy has been published. EGS is a disease affec...

    Authors: Laus Fulvio, Corsalini Jacopo, Mandara Maria Teresa, Bazzano Marilena, Bertoletti Alice and Gialletti Rodolfo

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:264

    Content type: Case Report

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  4. Escherichia coli is a bacterial species widely distributed among mammals and avian species, and also a member of the normal intestinal microbiota. However, some E. coli strains of different pathotypes can cause d...

    Authors: András Adorján, Ákos Thuma, László Könyves and István Tóth

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:263

    Content type: Research

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  5. Vector-borne diseases (VBDs) impact both human and veterinary medicine and pose special public health challenges. The main bacterial vector-borne pathogens (VBPs) of importance in veterinary medicine include Anap...

    Authors: Elton J. R. Vasconcelos, Chayan Roy, Joseph A. Geiger, Kristina M. Oney, Melody Koo, Songyang Ren, Brian B. Oakley and Pedro Paulo V. P. Diniz

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:262

    Content type: Methodology article

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  6. Bovine Respiratory Syncytial virus (BRSV) and Bovine Parainfluenza 3 virus (BPIV3) are closely related viruses involved in and both important pathogens within bovine respiratory disease (BRD), a major cause of...

    Authors: Birgit Makoschey and Anna Catharina Berge

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:261

    Content type: Review

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  7. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection can cause severe reproductive failure in sows and respiratory distress in pigs of all ages, leading to major economic losses. To date, ther...

    Authors: Xin-xin Chen, Xinyu Zhou, Tengda Guo, Songlin Qiao, Zhenhua Guo, Rui Li, Qianyue Jin, Xiaofei Hu, Guangxu Xing, Ruiguang Deng, Bo Wan and Gaiping Zhang

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:260

    Content type: Research article

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  8. Infectious bursal disease (IBD), also known as Gumboro disease, is a viral infection that causes mortality and immunosuppression in chickens (Gallus gallus). VP2 and VP3 are the major structural viral capsid comp...

    Authors: Ana Paula Gori Palka, Tatiana Reichert Assunção de Matos, Claudemir de Souza, Danilo Santos Eugênio, Marco Aurélio Krieger, Stenio Perdigão Fragoso and Daniela Parada Pavoni

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:259

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Mule deer rely on fat and protein stored prior to the winter season as an energy source during the winter months when other food sources are sparse. Since associated microorganisms (‘microbiota’) play a signif...

    Authors: Hyrum S. Eddington, Courtney Carroll, Randy T. Larsen, Brock R. McMillan and John M. Chaston

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:258

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus Lagovirus europaeus/GI.1d variant (GI.1d/RHDV) was identified in 1990 in France, and until the emergence of the new genotype GI.2, it was the main variant circulating in the coun...

    Authors: Clément Droillard, Evelyne Lemaitre, Michel Amelot, Yannick Blanchard, Alassane Keita, Nicolas Eterradossi and Ghislaine Le Gall-Reculé

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:257

    Content type: Research

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  11. Testicular torsion/detorsion triggers tissue ischemia/reperfusion, leading to reactive oxygen species overgeneration and apoptosis. The saliva of leeches is full of anti-inflammatory, anticoagulants, antioxida...

    Authors: Farshid Davoodi, Shayan Taheri, Abbas Raisi, Asghar Rajabzadeh, Amir Zakian, Mohammad Hassan Hablolvarid and Hassan Ahmadvand

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:256

    Content type: Research

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  12. During maturation, spermatozoa acquire motility and fertilizing capacity as they transit through the epididymis. In recent years, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis has been employed in proteomics studies con...

    Authors: Wangsheng Zhao, Siraj Ahmed, Junxia Liu, Saeed Ahmed, Eugene Quansah, Tajmal Hussain Solangi, Yitao Wu, Yueling Yangliu, Hongmei Wang, Jiangjiang Zhu and Xin Cai

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:255

    Content type: Research article

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  13. Superficial chronic corneal epithelial defects (SCCEDs) are spontaneous corneal defects in dogs that share many clinical and pathologic characteristics to recurrent corneal erosions (RCE) in humans. Boxer dogs...

    Authors: Kathryn M. Meurs, Keith Montgomery, Steven G. Friedenberg, Brian Williams and Brian C. Gilger

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:254

    Content type: Research

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  14. Bromide is a halide ion of the element bromine usually administered in the form of potassium salt as monotherapy or add-on treatment in epileptic dogs. It is excreted unchanged in the urine and undergoes tubul...

    Authors: Marco Fantinati, Nathalie Priymenko and Maud Debreuque

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:253

    Content type: Case Report

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  15. Toxoplasmosis is one of the most common parasitic zoonoses worldwide. Cats become infected after ingesting infected tissue cysts. The objective of the present study was to compare the prevalence of toxoplasmos...

    Authors: Tawin Inpankaew, Panpicha Sattasathuchana, Chanya Kengradomkij and Naris Thengchaisri

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:252

    Content type: Research

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  16. Broilers are continuously stressed because of the rapid growth rate and the environmental issues associated with industrialized poultry production systems, which lead to higher susceptibility for infection wit...

    Authors: Olla A. Khalifa, Rasha A. Al Wakeel, Shabaan A. Hemeda, Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim, Ghadeer M. Albadrani, Ahmad El Askary, Sabreen E. Fadl and Fatma Elgendey

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:251

    Content type: Research

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  17. We report the effects of the presentation of an idiopathic subdural hematoma (SDH) in an adult domestic pig on the glymphatic system, a brain-wide solute clearance system. This accidental finding is based on o...

    Authors: Nagesh C. Shanbhag, Nicholas Burdon Bèchet, Marios Kritsilis and Iben Lundgaard

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:250

    Content type: Case Report

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  18. Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) strains cause infectious diseases in poultry. Resveratrol is extracted from Polygonum cuspidatum, Cassia tora Linn and Vitis vinifera, and displays good antimicrobial acti...

    Authors: Xiangchun Ruan, Xiaoling Deng, Meiling Tan, Chengbo Yu, Meishi Zhang, Ying Sun and Nuohao Jiang

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:249

    Content type: Research

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  19. Laminitis, an inflammation of the claw laminae, is one of the major causes of bovine lameness, which can lead to enormous economic losses and animal welfare problems in dairy farms. Angelica polysaccharide (AP...

    Authors: Mengyue Tian, Ke Li, Ruonan Liu, Jinliang Du, Dongmin Zou and Yuzhong Ma

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:248

    Content type: Research article

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  20. Pseudorabies virus (PRV), a member of the Alphaherpesviruses, is one of the most important pathogens that harm the global pig industry. Accumulated evidence indicated that PRV could infect humans under certain ci...

    Authors: Lixia Li, Rui Wang, Huaiyue Hu, Xu Chen, Zhongqiong Yin, Xiaoxia Liang, Changliang He, Lizi Yin, Gang Ye, Yuanfeng Zou, Guizhou Yue, Huaqiao Tang, Renyong Jia and Xu Song

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:247

    Content type: Research article

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  21. Serious disease outbreaks in cattle are usually associated with blood pathogens. This study aims to detect blood pathogens namely Theileria species, Anaplasma species, Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos and Trypanoso...

    Authors: Onyinyechukwu Ada Agina, Mohd Rosly Shaari, Nur Mahiza Md Isa, Mokrish Ajat, Mohd Zamri-Saad, Mazlina Mazlan, Azim Salahuddin Muhamad, Afrah Alhana Kassim, Lee Chai Ha, Fairuz Hazwani Rusli, Darulmuqaamah Masaud and Hazilawati Hamzah

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:246

    Content type: Research article

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  22. Group A rotaviruses (RVA) are zoonotic pathogens responsible for acute enteritis in human and neonatal ruminants. This research aimed to determine the prevalence of RVA in ruminants (cattle, sheep, and goats) ...

    Authors: Nadra-Elwgoud M. I. Abdou, Qais A. H. Majeed, Ashraf A. Saad, Slavica Mijatovic-Rustempasic, Michael D. Bowen and Attia Samy

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:245

    Content type: Research article

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  23. The source of multipotent stromal cells (MSC) can have a significant influence on the health and expansion capacity of the cells. As the applications for allogeneic MSCs in the treatment of feline diseases inc...

    Authors: Amy Wysong, Priscilla Ortiz, Douglas Bittel, Lindsey Ott, Francis Karanu, Michael Filla and Lisa Stehno-Bittel

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:244

    Content type: Research article

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  24. Infective lesions of the jaws and adjacent tissues (lumpy jaw disease, LJD) have been recognized as one major cause of death of captive macropods. Fusobacterium necrophorum and Actinomyces species serve as the ma...

    Authors: Stefanie Knoepfler, Alexandria Schauer, Andreas Thomann, Simon Feyer, Peggy Rüegg-van den Broek, Olivier Jean Glardon and Sonja Kittl

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:243

    Content type: Case Report

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  25. As a global ruminant pathogen, bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is responsible for the disease Bovine Viral Diarrhea with a variety of clinical presentations and severe economic losses worldwide. Classified ...

    Authors: Jacqueline King, Anne Pohlmann, Kamila Dziadek, Martin Beer and Kerstin Wernike

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:242

    Content type: Research

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  27. The focus of the study was to examine the impact of the inflamed uterus on the population of the paracervical ganglion (PCG) uterus-innervating perikarya and their chemical coding. Fast Blue retrograde tracer ...

    Authors: Bartosz Miciński, Barbara Jana and Jarosław Całka

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:240

    Content type: Research article

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  28. The threat of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) exists globally and has been listed as a priority pathogen by the World Health Organization. One of the sources of MRSA emergence is livestock and ...

    Authors: Asmita Shrestha, Rebanta Kumar Bhattarai, Himal Luitel, Surendra Karki and Hom Bahadur Basnet

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:239

    Content type: Research article

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  29. A better comprehension of the redox status during the periparturient period may facilitate the development of management and nutritional solutions to prevent subclinical hyperketonemia (SCHK) and subclinical h...

    Authors: Yan Huang, Jing Wen, Yezi Kong, Chenxu Zhao, Siqi Liu, Yaoquan Liu, Lan Li, Jiaqi Yang, Xiaoyan Zhu, Baoyu Zhao, Binyun Cao and Jianguo Wang

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:238

    Content type: Research article

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  30. Thoracic radiography in awake cats is a common procedure for the evaluation of pulmonary metastasis in feline mammary gland carcinoma (MGC). However, due to poor sensitivity, computed tomography (CT) is progre...

    Authors: Auraiwan Klaengkaew, Somchin Sutthigran, Ninlawan Thammasiri, Kittiporn Yuwatanakorn, Chutimon Thanaboonnipat, Suppawiwat Ponglowhapan and Nan Choisunirachon

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:237

    Content type: Research

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  31. Respiratory diseases are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the horses of all ages including foals. There is limited understanding of the expression of immune molecules such as tetraspanins and surfac...

    Authors: Tara Bocking, Laura Johnson, Amitoj Singh, Atul Desai, Gurpreet Kaur Aulakh and Baljit Singh

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:236

    Content type: Research article

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  32. Porcine epidemic diarrhoea (PED) is a highly contagious infectious disease with negative economic impacts on the swine industry. PED outbreaks were reported from 2009 to 2015, but sporadic infection has been o...

    Authors: Ohnmar Myint, Nguyen Thi Hoa, Naoyuki Fuke, Apisit Pornthummawat, Nguyen Thi Lan, Takuya Hirai, Ayako Yoshida and Ryoji Yamaguchi

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:235

    Content type: Research article

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  33. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health threat affecting treatment outcome in animals and humans. A pre-requisite for development of AMR reduction strategies is knowledge of antimicrobial use pattern...

    Authors: Abdurrahman Hassan Jibril, Iruka N. Okeke, Anders Dalsgaard and John Elmerdahl Olsen

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:234

    Content type: Research article

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  34. The warming climate is causing livestock to experience heat stress at an increasing frequency. Holstein cows are particularly susceptible to heat stress because of their high metabolic rate. Heat stress negati...

    Authors: Shannon L. Cartwright, Marnie McKechnie, Julie Schmied, Alexandra M. Livernois and Bonnie A. Mallard

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:233

    Content type: Research article

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  35. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is agent causing hepatitis worldwide. Originally considered to be limited to developing countries, this virus was also detected in developed countries. In recent years an increasing num...

    Authors: Anna Jackova, Katarina Dudasova, Slavomira Salamunova, Rene Mandelik, Jaroslav Novotny and Stefan Vilcek

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:232

    Content type: Research article

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  36. Nucleosomes consist of DNA wrapped around a histone octamer core like thread on a spool to condense DNA as chromatin into chromosomes. Diseases such as cancer or inflammation lead to cell death, chromatin frag...

    Authors: Heather Wilson-Robles, Tasha Miller, Jill Jarvis, Jason Terrell, Theresa Kathleen Kelly, Thomas Bygott and Mhammed Bougoussa

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:231

    Content type: Research

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  37. Spondylitis is an inflammation of the vertebrae that leads to a destructive process with exuberant new bone formation. Osteomyelitis can produce a distortion of the bone architecture, degenerative joint change...

    Authors: Alessandro Vetere, Mara Bertocchi, Igor Pelizzone, Emanuele Moggia, Sebastiano Gerosa and Francesco Di Ianni

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:230

    Content type: Case Report

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  38. Chlorella vulgaris has been proposed as a sustainable green feedstock in poultry nutrition due to its ease of cultivation, minimal environmental impact and balanced nutritional composition. However, the majority ...

    Authors: Diogo Francisco Maurício Coelho, Cristina Maria Riscado Pereira Mateus Alfaia, José Miguel Pestana Assunção, Mónica Costa, Rui Manuel Amaro Pinto, Carlos Mendes Godinho de Andrade Fontes, Madalena M. Lordelo and José António Mestre Prates

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:229

    Content type: Research

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  39. Hepatopathies are an important group of disorders in dogs where proper nutritional care is crucial. Supplementation with a hepatoprotectant like silybin can improve liver function and should not interfere with...

    Authors: Maciej Gogulski, Adam Cieślak, Julia Grabska, Marie Ardois, Małgorzata Pomorska-Mól, Paweł A. Kołodziejski, Kacper Libera, Viola Strompfová and Małgorzata Szumacher-Strabel

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:228

    Content type: Research

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  40. Porcine circovirus-like virus P1 is a relatively new kind of virus that is closely related to the post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome, congenital tremors, and abortions in swine. The molecular mechanis...

    Authors: Libin Wen, Jiaping Zhu, Fengxi Zhang, Qi Xiao, Jianping Xie and Kongwang He

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:227

    Content type: Research

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  41. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are reactive compounds derived from oxygen. In biological systems, an excessive amount of ROS can cause oxidative damage to biological macromolecules being involved in different d...

    Authors: Camila Peres Rubio and José Joaquin Cerón

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:226

    Content type: Review

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  43. The microbiome of the digestive tract of ruminants contains microbial ecosystem that is affected by both environmental and genetic factors. The subject of this study concerns the influence of selected genetic ...

    Authors: Natalia Szeligowska, Paulina Cholewińska, Katarzyna Czyż, Konrad Wojnarowski and Marzena Janczak

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:224

    Content type: Research

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  44. Long-term cyclic tensile testing with equine palmar/plantar tendons have not yet been performed due to problems in fixing equine tendons securely and loading them cyclically. It is well established that the bi...

    Authors: Franziska C. Wagner, Sven Reese, Kerstin Gerlach, Peter Böttcher and Christoph K. W. Mülling

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:223

    Content type: Research article

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  45. Vestibular syndrome is often accompanied by nausea. Drugs currently approved for its treatment have been developed to stop vomiting but not nausea. The efficacy of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists to reduce nausea has ...

    Authors: S. Foth, S. Meller, H. Kenward, J. Elliott, L. Pelligand and H. A. Volk

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:222

    Content type: Research

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  46. Leptospirosis is an endemic zoonosis in Brazil, with a great impact on human and animal health. Although dogs are frequently infected by pathogenic Leptospira, the current epidemiological understanding of canine ...

    Authors: Cassia Moreira Santos, Gabrielle Cristini Del Rigo Santos Dias, Alexya Victória Pinheiro Saldanha, Stephanie Bergmann Esteves, Adriana Cortez, Israel Barbosa Guedes, Marcos Bryan Heinemann, Amane Paldês Gonçales and Bruno Alonso Miotto

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:221

    Content type: Research

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  47. 5-fluorocytosine is a pyrimidine and a fluorinated cytosine analog mainly used as an antifungal agent. It is a precursor of 5-fluorouracil, which possesses anticancer properties. To reduce systemic toxicity of...

    Authors: Jérémy Béguin, Matthias Kohlhauer, Eve Laloy, Frédérique Degorce, Baptiste Moreau, Éric Quéméneur, Philippe Erbs, Bernard Klonjkowski and Christelle Maurey

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:220

    Content type: Research

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  48. The present study was aimed at establishing the prevalence, epidemiology and molecular characterization of major haemoprotozoons (Babesia and Theileria) and rickettsia (Anaplasma) of cattle in Jammu region (North...

    Authors: Rabjot Kaur, Anish Yadav, Shafiya I. Rafiqi, Rajesh Godara, Vikrant Sudan, D. Chakraborty and Rajesh Katoch

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:219

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  49. Several outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) caused by influenza A virus of subtype H5N8 have been reported in wild birds and poultry in Europe during autumn 2020. Norway is one of the few cou...

    Authors: Knut Madslien, Torfinn Moldal, Britt Gjerset, Sveinn Gudmundsson, Arne Follestad, Elliot Whittard, Ole-Herman Tronerud, Katharine Rose Dean, Johan Åkerstedt, Hannah J. Jørgensen, Carlos G. das Neves and Grim Rømo

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:218

    Content type: Research

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  50. Worldwide, Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) is among the diseases that cause the highest economic impact in modern pig production. PRRS was first detected in Costa Rica in 1996 and has sinc...

    Authors: Mónica Guzmán, Ronald Meléndez, Carlos Jiménez, Marta Piche, Emily Jiménez, Bernal León, Juan M. Cordero, Lisbeth Ramirez-Carvajal, Alberto Uribe, Arie Van Nes, Arjan Stegeman and Juan José Romero

    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:217

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

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