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  1. Testicular torsion/detorsion triggers tissue ischemia/reperfusion, leading to reactive oxygen species overgeneration and apoptosis. The saliva of leeches is full of anti-inflammatory, anticoagulants, antioxida...

    Authors: Farshid Davoodi, Shayan Taheri, Abbas Raisi, Asghar Rajabzadeh, Amir Zakian, Mohammad Hassan Hablolvarid and Hassan Ahmadvand
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:256
  2. During maturation, spermatozoa acquire motility and fertilizing capacity as they transit through the epididymis. In recent years, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis has been employed in proteomics studies con...

    Authors: Wangsheng Zhao, Siraj Ahmed, Junxia Liu, Saeed Ahmed, Eugene Quansah, Tajmal Hussain Solangi, Yitao Wu, Yueling Yangliu, Hongmei Wang, Jiangjiang Zhu and Xin Cai
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:255
  3. Superficial chronic corneal epithelial defects (SCCEDs) are spontaneous corneal defects in dogs that share many clinical and pathologic characteristics to recurrent corneal erosions (RCE) in humans. Boxer dogs...

    Authors: Kathryn M. Meurs, Keith Montgomery, Steven G. Friedenberg, Brian Williams and Brian C. Gilger
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:254
  4. Bromide is a halide ion of the element bromine usually administered in the form of potassium salt as monotherapy or add-on treatment in epileptic dogs. It is excreted unchanged in the urine and undergoes tubul...

    Authors: Marco Fantinati, Nathalie Priymenko and Maud Debreuque
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:253
  5. Toxoplasmosis is one of the most common parasitic zoonoses worldwide. Cats become infected after ingesting infected tissue cysts. The objective of the present study was to compare the prevalence of toxoplasmos...

    Authors: Tawin Inpankaew, Panpicha Sattasathuchana, Chanya Kengradomkij and Naris Thengchaisri
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:252
  6. Broilers are continuously stressed because of the rapid growth rate and the environmental issues associated with industrialized poultry production systems, which lead to higher susceptibility for infection wit...

    Authors: Olla A. Khalifa, Rasha A. Al Wakeel, Shabaan A. Hemeda, Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim, Ghadeer M. Albadrani, Ahmad El Askary, Sabreen E. Fadl and Fatma Elgendey
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:251
  7. We report the effects of the presentation of an idiopathic subdural hematoma (SDH) in an adult domestic pig on the glymphatic system, a brain-wide solute clearance system. This accidental finding is based on o...

    Authors: Nagesh C. Shanbhag, Nicholas Burdon Bèchet, Marios Kritsilis and Iben Lundgaard
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:250
  8. Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) strains cause infectious diseases in poultry. Resveratrol is extracted from Polygonum cuspidatum, Cassia tora Linn and Vitis vinifera, and displays good antimicrobial acti...

    Authors: Xiangchun Ruan, Xiaoling Deng, Meiling Tan, Chengbo Yu, Meishi Zhang, Ying Sun and Nuohao Jiang
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:249
  9. Laminitis, an inflammation of the claw laminae, is one of the major causes of bovine lameness, which can lead to enormous economic losses and animal welfare problems in dairy farms. Angelica polysaccharide (AP...

    Authors: Mengyue Tian, Ke Li, Ruonan Liu, Jinliang Du, Dongmin Zou and Yuzhong Ma
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:248
  10. Pseudorabies virus (PRV), a member of the Alphaherpesviruses, is one of the most important pathogens that harm the global pig industry. Accumulated evidence indicated that PRV could infect humans under certain ci...

    Authors: Lixia Li, Rui Wang, Huaiyue Hu, Xu Chen, Zhongqiong Yin, Xiaoxia Liang, Changliang He, Lizi Yin, Gang Ye, Yuanfeng Zou, Guizhou Yue, Huaqiao Tang, Renyong Jia and Xu Song
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:247
  11. Serious disease outbreaks in cattle are usually associated with blood pathogens. This study aims to detect blood pathogens namely Theileria species, Anaplasma species, Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos and Trypanoso...

    Authors: Onyinyechukwu Ada Agina, Mohd Rosly Shaari, Nur Mahiza Md Isa, Mokrish Ajat, Mohd Zamri-Saad, Mazlina Mazlan, Azim Salahuddin Muhamad, Afrah Alhana Kassim, Lee Chai Ha, Fairuz Hazwani Rusli, Darulmuqaamah Masaud and Hazilawati Hamzah
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:246
  12. Group A rotaviruses (RVA) are zoonotic pathogens responsible for acute enteritis in human and neonatal ruminants. This research aimed to determine the prevalence of RVA in ruminants (cattle, sheep, and goats) ...

    Authors: Nadra-Elwgoud M. I. Abdou, Qais A. H. Majeed, Ashraf A. Saad, Slavica Mijatovic-Rustempasic, Michael D. Bowen and Attia Samy
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:245
  13. The source of multipotent stromal cells (MSC) can have a significant influence on the health and expansion capacity of the cells. As the applications for allogeneic MSCs in the treatment of feline diseases inc...

    Authors: Amy Wysong, Priscilla Ortiz, Douglas Bittel, Lindsey Ott, Francis Karanu, Michael Filla and Lisa Stehno-Bittel
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:244
  14. Infective lesions of the jaws and adjacent tissues (lumpy jaw disease, LJD) have been recognized as one major cause of death of captive macropods. Fusobacterium necrophorum and Actinomyces species serve as the ma...

    Authors: Stefanie Knoepfler, Alexandria Schauer, Andreas Thomann, Simon Feyer, Peggy Rüegg-van den Broek, Olivier Jean Glardon and Sonja Kittl
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:243
  15. As a global ruminant pathogen, bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is responsible for the disease Bovine Viral Diarrhea with a variety of clinical presentations and severe economic losses worldwide. Classified ...

    Authors: Jacqueline King, Anne Pohlmann, Kamila Dziadek, Martin Beer and Kerstin Wernike
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:242
  16. The focus of the study was to examine the impact of the inflamed uterus on the population of the paracervical ganglion (PCG) uterus-innervating perikarya and their chemical coding. Fast Blue retrograde tracer ...

    Authors: Bartosz Miciński, Barbara Jana and Jarosław Całka
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:240

    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Veterinary Research 2022 18:342

  17. The threat of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) exists globally and has been listed as a priority pathogen by the World Health Organization. One of the sources of MRSA emergence is livestock and ...

    Authors: Asmita Shrestha, Rebanta Kumar Bhattarai, Himal Luitel, Surendra Karki and Hom Bahadur Basnet
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:239
  18. A better comprehension of the redox status during the periparturient period may facilitate the development of management and nutritional solutions to prevent subclinical hyperketonemia (SCHK) and subclinical h...

    Authors: Yan Huang, Jing Wen, Yezi Kong, Chenxu Zhao, Siqi Liu, Yaoquan Liu, Lan Li, Jiaqi Yang, Xiaoyan Zhu, Baoyu Zhao, Binyun Cao and Jianguo Wang
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:238
  19. Thoracic radiography in awake cats is a common procedure for the evaluation of pulmonary metastasis in feline mammary gland carcinoma (MGC). However, due to poor sensitivity, computed tomography (CT) is progre...

    Authors: Auraiwan Klaengkaew, Somchin Sutthigran, Ninlawan Thammasiri, Kittiporn Yuwatanakorn, Chutimon Thanaboonnipat, Suppawiwat Ponglowhapan and Nan Choisunirachon
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:237
  20. Respiratory diseases are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the horses of all ages including foals. There is limited understanding of the expression of immune molecules such as tetraspanins and surfac...

    Authors: Tara Bocking, Laura Johnson, Amitoj Singh, Atul Desai, Gurpreet Kaur Aulakh and Baljit Singh
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:236
  21. Porcine epidemic diarrhoea (PED) is a highly contagious infectious disease with negative economic impacts on the swine industry. PED outbreaks were reported from 2009 to 2015, but sporadic infection has been o...

    Authors: Ohnmar Myint, Nguyen Thi Hoa, Naoyuki Fuke, Apisit Pornthummawat, Nguyen Thi Lan, Takuya Hirai, Ayako Yoshida and Ryoji Yamaguchi
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:235
  22. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health threat affecting treatment outcome in animals and humans. A pre-requisite for development of AMR reduction strategies is knowledge of antimicrobial use pattern...

    Authors: Abdurrahman Hassan Jibril, Iruka N. Okeke, Anders Dalsgaard and John Elmerdahl Olsen
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:234
  23. The warming climate is causing livestock to experience heat stress at an increasing frequency. Holstein cows are particularly susceptible to heat stress because of their high metabolic rate. Heat stress negati...

    Authors: Shannon L. Cartwright, Marnie McKechnie, Julie Schmied, Alexandra M. Livernois and Bonnie A. Mallard
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:233
  24. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is agent causing hepatitis worldwide. Originally considered to be limited to developing countries, this virus was also detected in developed countries. In recent years an increasing num...

    Authors: Anna Jackova, Katarina Dudasova, Slavomira Salamunova, Rene Mandelik, Jaroslav Novotny and Stefan Vilcek
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:232
  25. Nucleosomes consist of DNA wrapped around a histone octamer core like thread on a spool to condense DNA as chromatin into chromosomes. Diseases such as cancer or inflammation lead to cell death, chromatin frag...

    Authors: Heather Wilson-Robles, Tasha Miller, Jill Jarvis, Jason Terrell, Theresa Kathleen Kelly, Thomas Bygott and Mhammed Bougoussa
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:231
  26. Spondylitis is an inflammation of the vertebrae that leads to a destructive process with exuberant new bone formation. Osteomyelitis can produce a distortion of the bone architecture, degenerative joint change...

    Authors: Alessandro Vetere, Mara Bertocchi, Igor Pelizzone, Emanuele Moggia, Sebastiano Gerosa and Francesco Di Ianni
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:230
  27. Chlorella vulgaris has been proposed as a sustainable green feedstock in poultry nutrition due to its ease of cultivation, minimal environmental impact and balanced nutritional composition. However, the majority ...

    Authors: Diogo Francisco Maurício Coelho, Cristina Maria Riscado Pereira Mateus Alfaia, José Miguel Pestana Assunção, Mónica Costa, Rui Manuel Amaro Pinto, Carlos Mendes Godinho de Andrade Fontes, Madalena M. Lordelo and José António Mestre Prates
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:229
  28. Hepatopathies are an important group of disorders in dogs where proper nutritional care is crucial. Supplementation with a hepatoprotectant like silybin can improve liver function and should not interfere with...

    Authors: Maciej Gogulski, Adam Cieślak, Julia Grabska, Marie Ardois, Małgorzata Pomorska-Mól, Paweł A. Kołodziejski, Kacper Libera, Viola Strompfová and Małgorzata Szumacher-Strabel
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:228
  29. Porcine circovirus-like virus P1 is a relatively new kind of virus that is closely related to the post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome, congenital tremors, and abortions in swine. The molecular mechanis...

    Authors: Libin Wen, Jiaping Zhu, Fengxi Zhang, Qi Xiao, Jianping Xie and Kongwang He
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:227
  30. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are reactive compounds derived from oxygen. In biological systems, an excessive amount of ROS can cause oxidative damage to biological macromolecules being involved in different d...

    Authors: Camila Peres Rubio and José Joaquin Cerón
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:226
  31. The microbiome of the digestive tract of ruminants contains microbial ecosystem that is affected by both environmental and genetic factors. The subject of this study concerns the influence of selected genetic ...

    Authors: Natalia Szeligowska, Paulina Cholewińska, Katarzyna Czyż, Konrad Wojnarowski and Marzena Janczak
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:224
  32. Long-term cyclic tensile testing with equine palmar/plantar tendons have not yet been performed due to problems in fixing equine tendons securely and loading them cyclically. It is well established that the bi...

    Authors: Franziska C. Wagner, Sven Reese, Kerstin Gerlach, Peter Böttcher and Christoph K. W. Mülling
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:223
  33. Vestibular syndrome is often accompanied by nausea. Drugs currently approved for its treatment have been developed to stop vomiting but not nausea. The efficacy of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists to reduce nausea has ...

    Authors: S. Foth, S. Meller, H. Kenward, J. Elliott, L. Pelligand and H. A. Volk
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:222
  34. Leptospirosis is an endemic zoonosis in Brazil, with a great impact on human and animal health. Although dogs are frequently infected by pathogenic Leptospira, the current epidemiological understanding of canine ...

    Authors: Cassia Moreira Santos, Gabrielle Cristini Del Rigo Santos Dias, Alexya Victória Pinheiro Saldanha, Stephanie Bergmann Esteves, Adriana Cortez, Israel Barbosa Guedes, Marcos Bryan Heinemann, Amane Paldês Gonçales and Bruno Alonso Miotto
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:221
  35. 5-fluorocytosine is a pyrimidine and a fluorinated cytosine analog mainly used as an antifungal agent. It is a precursor of 5-fluorouracil, which possesses anticancer properties. To reduce systemic toxicity of...

    Authors: Jérémy Béguin, Matthias Kohlhauer, Eve Laloy, Frédérique Degorce, Baptiste Moreau, Éric Quéméneur, Philippe Erbs, Bernard Klonjkowski and Christelle Maurey
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:220
  36. The present study was aimed at establishing the prevalence, epidemiology and molecular characterization of major haemoprotozoons (Babesia and Theileria) and rickettsia (Anaplasma) of cattle in Jammu region (North...

    Authors: Rabjot Kaur, Anish Yadav, Shafiya I. Rafiqi, Rajesh Godara, Vikrant Sudan, D. Chakraborty and Rajesh Katoch
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:219
  37. Several outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) caused by influenza A virus of subtype H5N8 have been reported in wild birds and poultry in Europe during autumn 2020. Norway is one of the few cou...

    Authors: Knut Madslien, Torfinn Moldal, Britt Gjerset, Sveinn Gudmundsson, Arne Follestad, Elliot Whittard, Ole-Herman Tronerud, Katharine Rose Dean, Johan Åkerstedt, Hannah J. Jørgensen, Carlos G. das Neves and Grim Rømo
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:218
  38. Worldwide, Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) is among the diseases that cause the highest economic impact in modern pig production. PRRS was first detected in Costa Rica in 1996 and has sinc...

    Authors: Mónica Guzmán, Ronald Meléndez, Carlos Jiménez, Marta Piche, Emily Jiménez, Bernal León, Juan M. Cordero, Lisbeth Ramirez-Carvajal, Alberto Uribe, Arie Van Nes, Arjan Stegeman and Juan José Romero
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:217
  39. The intestinal microbes in mammals play a key role in host metabolism and adaptation. As a subterranean rodent, zokor digs tunnels for foraging and mating. These digging activities of zokors increase the energ...

    Authors: Yao Zou, Nannan Liang, Xuxin Zhang, Chongxuan Han and Xiaoning Nan
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:216
  40. The popularity of new world camelids, particularly alpacas, is growing rapidly in Ireland, presenting a clinical challenge to veterinary practitioners who may not have worked with these species previously. To ...

    Authors: C. J. Hayes, P. J. O’Brien, A. Wolfe, S. Hoey, C. Chandler, V. Rhodes, C. I. Carty, I. M. Piras and E. G. Ryan
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:215
  41. Mycoplasma suis (M. suis) belongs to the group of haemotrophic mycoplasmas and is known as the causative agent of infectious anaemia in pigs. In the last few years valuable insights into the mechanism of adhesion...

    Authors: Julia Stadler, Julia Ade, Walter Hermanns, Mathias Ritzmann, Sarah Wentzel, Katharina Hoelzle and Ludwig E. Hoelzle
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:214
  42. Enterocytozoon bieneusi, a microsporidian species, is a zoonotic pathogen found in both humans and animals. Here, we determined the prevalence, explored the different genotypes of E. bieneusi in wild rhesus macaq...

    Authors: Wei Zhao, Huan-Huan Zhou, Guang-Xu Ren, Yu Qiang, Hui-Cong Huang, Gang Lu and Feng Tan
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:213
  43. Enrofloxacin is an antibacterial drug with broad-spectrum activity that is widely indicated for veterinary use. We aim to develop the clinical applications of Enrofloxacin against colibacillosis by using the n...

    Authors: Xuesong Liu, Qingwen Yang, Yuying Fan, Yuanyi Du, Lei Lei, Dong Wang and Yun Liu
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:212
  44. The poultry industry in Egypt has been suffering from endemic highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus, subtype H5N1 since 2006. However, the emergence of H9N2, H5N8, and H5N2 in 2011, 2016, and 2019 res...

    Authors: Yumna Elsobky, David Nganwa, Gamal El Afandi, Ahmed Byomi, Gopal Reddy and Ehsan Abdalla
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:210
  45. Extreme panting under heat stress threatens dairy cattle milk production. Previous research has revealed that the gas exchange-mediated respiratory drive in critically ill dairy cattle with low O2 saturation indu...

    Authors: Jian Wang, Yang Xiang, Shisong Jiang, Hongchang Li, Flurin Caviezel, Suporn Katawatin and Monchai Duangjinda
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:209
  46. Tube feeding is a common procedure in neonatology. In humans, tube misplacement reportedly occurs in up to 59% of all cases and may lead to perforation in 1.1% of preterm intubated neonates. While numerous stu...

    Authors: Etienne Furthner, Mariusz Paweł Kowalewski, Paul Torgerson and Iris Margaret Reichler
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:208
  47. Canine parvovirus (CPV) is one of the most important pathogens of dogs. Despite vaccination, CPV infections are still ubiquitous in dogs, and the three antigenic variants 2a, 2b and 2c are variously distribute...

    Authors: Andrea Balboni, Mihaela Niculae, Serena Di Vito, Lorenza Urbani, Alessia Terrusi, Cosmin Muresan and Mara Battilani
    Citation: BMC Veterinary Research 2021 17:206

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