Singh V, Martinezclark P, Pascual M, Shaw ES, O'neill WW. Cardiac biomarkers–the old and the new: a review. Coron Artery Dis. 2010;21(4):244–56.
Article
Google Scholar
Puntmann V. How-to guide on biomarkers: biomarker definitions, validation and applications with examples from cardiovascular disease. Postrgr Med J. 2009;85(1008):538–45.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Oyama MA. Using cardiac biomarkers in veterinary practice. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2013;43(6):1261–72 vi.
Article
Google Scholar
Oyama MA, Fox PR, Rush JE, Rozanski EA, Lesser M. Clinical utility of serum N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide concentration for identifying cardiac disease in dogs and assessing disease severity. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2008;232(10):1496–503.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Wolf J, Gerlach N, Weber K, Klima A, Wess G. The diagnostic relevance of NT-proBNP and proANP 31-67 measurements in staging of myxomatous mitral valve disease in dogs. Vet Clin Pathol. 2013;42(2):196–206.
Article
Google Scholar
Hall C. Essential biochemistry and physiology of (NT-pro)BNP. Eur J Heart Fail. 2004;6(3):257–60.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Weber M, Hamm C. Role of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and NT-proBNP in clinical routine. Heart. 2006;92(6):843–9.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Chetboul V, Serres F, Tissier R, Lefebvre H, Sampedrano CC, Gouni V, et al. Association of plasma N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide concentration with mitral regurgitation severity and outcome in dogs with asymptomatic degenerative mitral valve disease. J Vet Intern Med. 2009;23(5):984–94.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Wells SM, Sleeper M. Cardiac troponins. J Vet Em Crit Care. 2008;18(3):235–45.
Article
Google Scholar
Jeremias A, Gibson CM. Narrative review: alternative causes for elevated cardiac troponin levels when acute coronary syndromes are excluded. Ann Intern Med. 2005;142:786–91.
Article
Google Scholar
Porciello F, Rishniw M, Herndon WE, Birettoni F, Antognoni MT, Simpson KW. Cardiac troponin I is elevated in dogs and cats with azotaemia renal failure and in dogs with non-cardiac systemic disease. Aust Vet J. 2008;86(10):390–4.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Goldmann BU, Christenson RH, Hamm CW, Meinertz T, Ohman EM. Implications of troponin testing in clinical medicine. Trials. 2001;2(2):75.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Cummins B, Cummins P. Cardiac specific troponin-I release in canine experimental myocardial infarction: development of a sensitive enzyme-linked immunoassay. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 1987;19(10):999–1010.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Wall L, Mohr A, Ripoli FL, Schulze N, Penter CD, Hungerbuehler S, et al. Clinical use of submaximal treadmill exercise testing and assessments of cardiac biomarkers NT-proBNP and cTnI in dogs with presymptomatic mitral regurgitation. PLoS One. 2018;13(6):e0199023.
Article
Google Scholar
Magne J, Mahjoub H, Dulgheru R, Pibarot P, Pierard LA, Lancellotti P. Left ventricular contractile reserve in asymptomatic primary mitral regurgitation. Europ H J. 2013;35(24):1608–16.
Article
Google Scholar
Magne J, Mahjoub H, Pibarot P, Pirlet C, Pierard LA, Lancellotti P. Prognostic importance of exercise brain natriuretic peptide in asymptomatic degenerative mitral regurgitation. Eur J Heart Fail. 2012;14(11):1293–302.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Sinha SK, Garg S, Thakur R, Krishna V, Singh K, Sachan M, et al. Prognostic importance of exercise brain natriuretic peptide in asymptomatic chronic organic severe mitral regurgitation: an observational study. J Clin Med Res. 2016;8(11):797–804.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Boswood A, Haggstrom J, Gordon SG, Wess G, Stepien RL, Oyama MA, et al. Effect of Pimobendan in dogs with preclinical Myxomatous mitral valve disease and cardiomegaly: the EPIC study-a randomized clinical trial. J Vet Intern Med. 2016;30(6):1765–79.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Boswood A, Gordon S, Häggström J, Wess G, Stepien R, Oyama M, et al. Longitudinal analysis of quality of life, clinical, radiographic, echocardiographic, and laboratory variables in dogs with preclinical Myxomatous mitral valve disease receiving Pimobendan or placebo: the EPIC study. J Vet Intern Med. 2018;32(1):72–85.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Tissier R, Chetboul V, Moraillon R, Nicolle A, Carlos C, Enriquez B, et al. Increased mitral valve regurgitation and myocardial hypertrophy in two dogs with long-term pimobendan therapy. Cardiovasc Toxicol. 2005;5(1):43–51.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Chetboul V, Lefebvre HP, Sampedrano CC, Gouni V, Saponaro V, Serres F, et al. Comparative adverse cardiac effects of pimobendan and benazepril monotherapy in dogs with mild degenerative mitral valve disease: a prospective, controlled, blinded, and randomized study. J Vet Intern Med. 2007;21(4):742–53.
Article
Google Scholar
Atkins C, Bonagura J, Ettinger S, Fox P, Gordon S, Haggstrom J, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of canine chronic valvular heart disease. J Vet Intern Med. 2009;23(6):1142–50.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Silvestrini P, Piviani M, Alberola J, Rodríguez-Cortés A, Planellas M, Roura X, et al. Serum cardiac troponin I concentrations in dogs with leishmaniasis: correlation with age and clinicopathologic abnormalities. Vet Clin Pathol. 2012;41(4):568–74.
Article
Google Scholar
Hansson K, Häggström J, Kvart C, Lord P. Left atrial to aortic root indices using two-dimensional and M-mode echocardiography in cavalier king Charles spaniels with and without left atrial enlargement. Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound. 2002;43(6):568–75.
Article
Google Scholar
Cornell CC, Kittleson MD, Torre PD, Häggström J, Lombard CW, Pedersen HD, et al. Allometric scaling of M-mode cardiac measurements in normal adult dogs. J Vet Intern Med. 2004;18(3):311–21.
Article
Google Scholar
Fox PR, Oyama MA, Hezzell MJ, Rush JE, Nguyenba TP, DeFrancesco TC, et al. Relationship of plasma N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide concentrations to heart failure classification and cause of respiratory distress in dogs using a 2nd generation ELISA assay. J Vet Intern Med. 2015;29(1):171–9.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Diederen W. Hemodynamic profile of the cardiotonic agent pimobendan. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1989;14:S1–6.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Scheld H, Fritsche R, Schlepper M, Meel J. Pimobendan increases calcium sensitivity of skinned human papillary muscle fibers. J Clin Pharm Ther. 1989;29(4):360–5.
CAS
Google Scholar
Brunkhorst D, Hv d L, Meyer W, Nigbur R, Schmidt-Schumacher C, Scholz H. Relation of positive inotropic and chronotropic effects of pimobendan, UD-CG 212 cl, milrinone and other phosphodiesterase inhibitors to phosphodiesterase III inhibition in Guinea-pig heart. Naunyn Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol. 1989;339(5):575–83.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Kellihan H, Oyama M, Reynolds C, Stepien R. Weekly variability of plasma and serum NT-proBNP measurements in normal dogs. J Vet Cardiol. 2009;11:S93–S7.
Article
Google Scholar
Häggström J, Boswood A, O'grady M, Jöns O, Smith S, Swift S, et al. Effect of pimobendan or benazepril hydrochloride on survival times in dogs with congestive heart failure caused by naturally occurring myxomatous mitral valve disease: the QUEST study. J Vet Intern Med. 2008;22(5):1124–35.
Article
Google Scholar
Häggström J, Boswood A, O'Grady M, Jöns O, Smith S, Swift S, et al. Longitudinal analysis of quality of life, clinical, radiographic, echocardiographic, and laboratory variables in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease receiving pimobendan or benazepril: the QUEST study. J Vet Intern Med. 2013;27(6):1441–51.
Article
Google Scholar
Scharhag J, Herrmann M, Urhausen A, Haschke M, Herrmann W, Kindermann W. Independent elevations of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and cardiac troponins in endurance athletes after prolonged strenuous exercise. Am Heart J. 2005;150(6):1128–34.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Scharhag J, George K, Shave R, Urhausen A, Kindermann W. Exercise-associated increases in cardiac biomarkers. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2008;40(8):1408–15.
Article
Google Scholar
Krupicka J, Janota T, Kasalova Z, Hradec J. Effect of short-term maximal exercise on BNP plasma levels in healthy individuals. Physiol Res. 2010;59(4):625.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar