Table 3 Median (25–75 percentile) data of cytokines in saliva of dogs with Diabetes mellitus (n = 16) and controls (total, n = 45) with healthy gingiva (Control group 1 (CG1), n = 22) and with gingivitis (Control group 2 (CG2), n = 23)

GM_CSF

14.2 (10.2–20.5)^a

12.0 (9.3–15.3)

0.144

10.8 (6.5–13.5)^ab

15.1 (10.4–19.1)^b

0.011

IFNg

2.2 (1.2–3.2)

1.5 (1.0-2.4)

0.182

1.2 (0.8–2.4)

1.6 (1.2–2.6)

0.161

IL2

15.1 (10.7–20.5)

13.8 (9.6–19.0)

0.589

11.6 (8.0-15.6)

16.1 (11.6–23.4)

0.083

IL6

16.1 (11.0–25.0)^a

11.5 (7.2–17.4)

0.097

9.5 (6.4–12.4)^ab

14.0 (10.5–18.6)^a

0.011

IL7

14.3 (10.6–26.8)

13.8 (8.7–19.5)

0.299

10.4 (6.1–14.0)^a

16.5 (13.8–25.6)^a

0.006

IL8

16,708 (12,495–26,982)

15,468 (10,859–19,280)

0.358

12,730 (8984–16,190)^a

18,550 (14,897–26,708)^a

0.004

IL15

15.4 (11.7–33.3)^a

12.3 (7.8–15.7)

0.028

9.5 (6.1–12.3)^ab

14.4 (10.9–24.4)^b

< 0.001

IP10

4.3 (3.5–7.3)

5.5 (3.7–6.9)

0.617

4.0 (3.1–5.6)^a

6.5 (4.3–10.0)^a

0.014

KC_like

1884 (854.4–2175)^a

2628 (1651–3626)

0.004

2255 (1395–3035)^b

3482 (2416–4232)^ab

< 0.001

IL10

16.6 (12.5–23.9)

15.5 (5.3–33.4)

0.529

8.5 (4.5–20.4)^a

23.2 (11.8–43.9)^a

0.015

IL18

9.2 (5.6–14.5)

7.4 (5.3–12.8)

0.550

6.7 (4.3–12.8)

10.0 (6.5–14.5)

0.310

MCP1

90.2 (54.5-108.9)^a

69.8 (42.1–82.3)

0.004

59.6 (42.1–74.3)^ab

74.3 (51.5-105.4)^b

< 0.001

TNFα

23.7 (15.5–87.6)

24.1 (14.4–50.7)

0.487

15.5 (11.4–24.9)^a

36.2 (20.3–60.9)^a

0.007