Table 1 Parameter settings for the CASA

Frame rate

60 frames/sec (Hz)

Per field

45 frames

Duration of capture

1 s

Stage temperature rate

37 °C

Sperm recognition

15–75 μm²

Chamber type

Slide-Coverslip (22*22 mm)

Volume per slide

7 μL

Chamber depth

≈ 20 μm

Minimum number of field analysis

500 cells

sample dilution

20 × 10⁶

Image type

Phased contrast

Progressive spermatozoa

VAP ≥ 75 μm/s and STR ≥ 80%