Alpha-sitosterol: a new antiviral agent produced by Streptomyces misakiensis and its potential activity against Newcastle disease virus

Table 2 Scores of lesions in liver and chorioallantoic membrane tissues of specific pathogen free-embryonated chicken eggs among different experimental groups

Tissue	Lesions	NDV control positive group	α-sitosterol and NDV mixture treated group
Liver	Hydropic degenerated cells	2	1
	Steatosis	3	1
	Round cells infiltrations	2	1
	Congested vasculatures	3	0
Chorioallantoic membrane	Hyperplastic epithelium	3	1
	Vacuolated epithelium	2	1
	Hemorrhages	2	0
	Congested capillaries	3	1
	Edema	2	2
	Inflammatory cells infiltrate	2	2

*Examined specific pathogen free-embryonated chicken egg (SPF-ECE) = 15 ECEs /group. Number of examined fields (five fields/ ECE, X100). The lesions were graded by estimating the percentage area affected in the entire section: Lesions score system was as follows: 0 = absence of lesion, 1 = 5–25%, 2 = 26–50%, and 3 = >50%

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