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Fig. 5 | BMC Veterinary Research

Fig. 5

From: Nigella sativa-chitosan nanoparticles: Novel intestinal mucosal immunomodulator controls and protects against Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis infection in broilers

Fig. 5

qRT-PCR of IgA, INF-γ, TLR-4, IL-1B, MUC-2 and IL-4 cytokines mRNA expression in the different chicks group. NS-CNP: nanoparticles supplemented group (group I). NS-CNP + CH: nanoparticles supplemented then challenged with SE group (group II). CH: CNP-NS-non supplemented and then challenged with SE (control positive) or group III. Control –ve: non supplemented and mock infected group (group IV). NS-CNP + CH (group II): nanoparticles supplemented then challenged with SE revealed the highest fold change of all examined cytokines followed with detectable drop of fold change in IL-4 and MUC-2 of control positive group (group III). Supplementation *: 12 h, **: 24 h, °: 48 h. •: 72 h, ••: 7 days, ¥: 14 days

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BMC Veterinary Research

ISSN: 1746-6148

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