Table 3 Pooled prevalence of the most common GIT nematodes detected in cats from Egypt and prevalence variation according to life style, detection method and various Egyptian regions
From: Gastrointestinal parasites of cats in Egypt: high prevalence high zoonotic risk
Parasite/Parameter | No. data sets | No. tested | No. positive | Pooled estimate % based on 95% CI | Heterogeneity I2% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Toxocara cati | |||||
 Overall prevalence | 18 | 1745 | 377 | 22.5 (16.1 – 28.9) | 94.25 |
Life style | |||||
 Strays | 16 | 1479 | 345 | 23.2 (17.6 – 28.9) | 87.0 |
 Pets | 2 | 220 | 5 | 2.3 (0.3 – 4.2) | 0.0 |
 Wild cat (Felis sylvestris) | 1 | 46 | 27 | 58.7 (44.5 – 72.9) | NA |
Detection method | |||||
 Fecal examination | 11 | 1277 | 224 | 16.4 (9.8 – 23.1) | 93.75 |
 Necropsy | 7 | 468 | 153 | 32.7 (21.9 – 43.6) | 85.99 |
Region | |||||
 Middle Egypt | 9 | 822 | 207 | 24.6 (15.2 – 33.9) | 92.02 |
 Cairo | 6 | 477 | 112 | 20.3 (8.8 – 31.5) | 91.91 |
 Giza | 1 | 81 | 19 | 23.5 (14.2 – 32.7) | NA |
 Cairo, Giza | 1 | 218 | 49 | 22.5 (16.9 – 28.0) | NA |
 Cairo, Fayoum (wild cat) | 1 | 46 | 27 | 58.7 (44.5 – 72.9) | NA |
 Nile Delta | 5 | 438 | 107 | 24.6 (12.9 – 36.3) | 89.15 |
 Dakahlia | 2 | 208 | 68 | 33.0 (25.1 – 40.8) | 27.41 |
 Kafr Elsheikh | 1 | 113 | 10 | 8.8 (3.6 – 14.1) | NA |
 Sharkia | 1 | 67 | 20 | 29.9 (18.9 – 40.8) | NA |
 Behera | 1 | 50 | 9 | 18.0 (7.4 – 28.6) | NA |
 Coastal governorates | 3 (Alexandria) | 305 | 59 | 20.6 (0.7 – 40.6) | 94.37 |
 Various (pets) | 1 (Cairo, Giza, Beni-Suef) | 180 | 4 | 2.2 (0.1 – 4.4) | NA |
Toxascaris leonina | |||||
 Overall prevalence | 8 | 1128 | 107 | 9.5 (5.3 – 13.7) | 88.57 |
life style | |||||
 Strays | 6 | 948 | 100 | 10.8 (5.6 – 16.0) | 89.93 |
 Pets | 1 | 180 | 7 | 3.9 (1.1 – 6.7) | NA |
Detection method | |||||
 Fecal examination | 6 | 1009 | 81 | 7.3 (3.4 – 11.1) | 67.09 |
 Necropsy | 2 | 119 | 26 | 20.9 (3.7 – 45.5) | 92.04 |
Hookworms | |||||
 Overall prevalence | 6 (strays) | 690 | 25 | 3.2 (1.2 – 5.1) | 51.62 |