Use of dexmedetomidine repeated subcutaneous administration for balanced anaesthesia in horses

BMC Veterinary Research

Table 2 Recovery timing and score

	Group CRI	Group SC
Time To Spontaneous Ventilation (Min)	5.7 ± 3.6	4.4 ± 1.9	p = 0.09
Time To Extubation (Min)	10.6 ± 4.3	9.4 ± 2.9	p = 0.17
Time Between Spontaneous Ventilation And Extubation (Min)	4.9 ± 2.1	5.1 ± 1.9	p = 0.43
Time To Sternal Recumbency (Min)	40.2 ± 13.6	47.0 ± 9.8	p = 0.09
Attempts To Sternal Recumbency (N°)	1.8 ± 0.8	1.4 ± 0.6	p = 0.34
Time To Standing (Min)	51.7 ± 14.4	57.5 ± 10.3	p = 0.12
Attempts To Standing (N°)	1.8 ± 0.8	1.4 ± 0.6	p = 0.03
Recovery Score (Young & Taylor)	4.2 ± 1.0	4.7 ± 0.5	p = 0.01

Mean ± standard deviation of times in minutes (min) to spontaneous ventilation, to extubation, between spontaneous ventilation and extubation and time to sternal recumbency and standing. Number (n°) of attempts to sternal recumbency and standing. Final recovery score evaluated with a simple descriptive scale. A score of 5 represented a recovery with no ataxia, no struggling, standing up at first attempt as fully conscious; while, a score of 0 was used for a very violent (wall of death), self-inflicted injury, prolonged struggling or unable to stand 2 h after the end of anaesthesia [19]. Parameters were recorded during the recovery phase in horses undergoing isoflurane general anaesthesia with dexmedetomidine administered as a constant rate infusion (group CRI) or by repeated subcutaneous administration (group SC). (p < 0.05)

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