Table 2 Procedural data, incidence of bradycardia and hypotension, median HR and MAP, ephedrine and crystalloids consumption (doses and incidence) of the TEA (thoracic epidural anaesthesia) and the ITM (intrathecal morphine) group. LA, local anaesthetic; min, minutes; n, number; HR, heart beats; MAP, mean arterial pressure

Median propofol induction bolus (mg/kg)

5.05 (2.6-10)

5 (3.3-10)

0.54

Median time to perform the locoregional technique (min)

3.5 (1-15)

4 (1-7)

0.82

Attempts (n)

1 (1-4)

1 (1-2)

0.49

Failures (n)

0/18 (0)

2/18 (11.1)

0.48

Median time between LA injection and skin incision (min)

20 (8-40)

20 (10-87)

0.77

Median time between LA injection and the end of surgery (min)

148 (68-250)

132 (71-200)

0.76

Median time of entire anaesthesia duration (min)

234 (132-307)

196 (120-260)

0.17

Bradycardia (%)

1/18 (5.5)

3/18 (16.6)

0.60

Hypotension (%)

10/18 (55.5)

7/18 (38.8)

0.50

Median HR (beats/min)

90 (59-111)

82 (68-110)

0.87

Median MAP (mmHg)

72 (62-86)

73 (59-87)

0.27

Ephedrine (%)

2/17 (11.7)

6/18 (33.3)

0.22

Median ephedrine (γ/kg)

0 (0-130)

0 (0-50)

0.12

Boluses of crystalloids (%)

12/18 (66.6)

5/18 (27.7)

0.04

Median crystalloids (mL/kg)

3 (0-10)

0 (0-10)

0.03