Table 5 Daily dosages (mg/kg), dosing ratios and total amount of antimicrobials used (g) in surveyed small scale dairy farms with records and those that relied on recall in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Antimicrobial class | Antimicrobial name | DDD(mg/kg) | UDD(mg/kg) | UDD/DDD | Total used [g (%)] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Antimicrobials from farms with records | ||||
Beta-lactam | Penicillin | 16.0 | 47.5 | 2.9 | 404.0 (36.4) |
Aminoglycosides | Dihydrostreptomycin | 10.0 | 30.0 | 3.0 | 127.5 (11.5) |
| Â | Gentamicin | 5.0 | 14.8 | 2.9 | 44.1 (4.0) |
Diaminopyrimidines | Trimethoprim | 3.4 | 7.5 | 2.2 | 44.9 (4.0) |
Fluoroquinolones | Enrofloxacin | 7.5 | 21.9 | 2.9 | 83.7(7.5) |
Sulphonamides | Sulfamethoxazole | 17.0 | 37.4 | 2.2 | 247.2 (22.3) |
Tetracycline | Oxytetracycline | 10.0 | 15.8 | 1.6 | 159.0 (14.3) |
| Â | Antimicrobials from farms which relied on recall | Â | |||
Beta-lactam | Ampicillin | 11.1 | 30.6 | 2.8 | 174.0 (4.2) |
| Â | Penicillin | 16.0 | 34.3 | 2.1 | 1791.1(43.1) |
Aminoglycosides | Dihydrostreptomycin | 11.1 | 36.2 | 3.3 | 679.0 (16.4) |
| Â | Gentamicin | 5.0 | 14.2 | 2.8 | 282.0 (6.8) |
| Â | Neomycin | 20.0 | 24.7 | 1.2 | 150.0 (3.6) |
Diaminopyrimidines | Trimethoprim | 2.6 | 5.4 | 2.1 | 91.7 (2.2) |
Fluoroquinolones | Enrofloxacin | 5.6 | 10.6 | 1.8 | 235.2 (5.7) |
Sulphonamides | Sulfadiazine | 12.5 | 35.3 | 2.8 | 90.0 (2.2) |
| Â | Sulfadimidine | 33.3 | 28.2 | 0.8 | 59.9 (1.4) |
| Â | Sulfamethoxazole | 13.1 | 25.1 | 1.9 | 368.4 (8.9) |
Tetracycline | Oxytetracycline | 10.0 | 9.6 | 0.9 | 230.3 (5.5) |