Fig. 1
From: S-ketamine and intranasal application: alternatives for the castration of male suckling piglets?
Movement scores during castration/sham castration by trial group. The figure shows least square means and standard errors; a: S-ketamine, i.m., surgical castration; b: R/S-ketamine, i.m., surgical castration; c: S-ketamine; i.n., surgical castration; d: R/S-ketamine, i.m., sham castration; e: no anaesthesia, surgical castration; f: no anaesthesia, sham castration; i.m.: intra muscular application; i.n. intra nasal application; groups with the same lower case were not significantly different (P < 0.05); ketamine always administered together with azaperone; all piglets received the NSAID Flunixine