Fig. 3

β-catenin inhibited BPIV3 replication via strengthening IFN-β expression (a) The expression level of β-catenin and GSK3β in MDBK cells treated or not treated by LiCl at 20 mM for 24 h was assayed by western blot with anti-β-catenin antibody, anti-GSK3β antibody, and β-actin was used as an internal standard. Numbers below the image was GSK3β/β-actin ratios of band optical density values from Image J software. b The cell location of β-catenin was detected by immunofluorescence. MDBK was treated by LiCl (20 mM) or not treated (NT) for 24 h were labeled with an anti-β-catenin antibody, secondary antibodies, and an agent to visualize the nucleus (Hoechst). The green indicates β-catenin while the blue indicates nucleus. c IFN-β and OAS1 genes in MDBK cells treated or not treated by LiCl were detected using qRT-PCR (*, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01). d MDBK cells were treated or not treated by LiCl at 20 mM for 24 h with BPIV3 infection at 0.1MOI, then the titers of BPIV3 infected cells were determined by TCID₅₀ assay. e Cells with knockdown of β-catenin and shNC cells were infected by BPIV3, then the mRNA of IFN-β and OAS1 were analyzed by qRT-PCR (*, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01)