Table 1 Univariable analysis of detection and severity of PK and association with predictors

Age (per year)

1.53 (1.16–2.00), 0.002

1.08 (0.98–1.20), 0.132

Sex (male vs. female)

1.44 (0.66–3.15), 0.362

0.96 (0.59–1.56), 0.878

Neuter status (neutered vs. entire)

0.70 (0.31–1.52), 0.355

1.02 (0.60–1.73), 0.947

KC registration (registered vs. no)

1.20 (0.32–4.53), 0.792

0.84 (0.31–2.32), 0.738

Show dog status (yes vs. no)

0.50 (0.18–1.40), 0.188

0.63 (0.34–1.2), 0.162

STT1 measurement

1.00 (0.93–1.07), 0.919

0.98 (0.92–1.05), 0.573

Limbal pigmentation

0.95 (0.87–1.04), 0.277

1.04 (0.98–1.11), 0.183

 Grade 1 vs. MELE not present

6.31 (2.18–18.26), 0.001

0.62 (0.21–1.81), 0.380

 Grade 2 vs. MELE not present

13.97 (3.44–56.81), < 0.001

1.94 (0.59–6.41), 0.279

 Grade MELE not present vs. 2

0.07 (0.02–0.29), < 0.001

0.52 (0.16–1.71), 0.279

 Grade 1 vs. Grade 2

0.45 (0.17–1.20), 0.112

0.32 (0.18–0.58), < 0.001

MELE (% length)

1.02 (0.98–1.06), 0.279

1.02 (0.99–1.04), 0.135

MEUE (% length)

1.01 (0.97–1.05), 0.694

1.02 (0.99–1.04), 0.168

CFI (< 0.18 vs ≥0.18)

1.45 (0.-3.27), 0.370

0.91 (0.55–1.49), 0.707

ONW (yes vs no)

1.75 (0.60–5.07), 0.306

1.27 (0.74–2.16), 0.386

Nasal fold width (per mm)

1.27 (1.03–1.56), 0.023

1.07 (0.88–1.30), 0.482

Palpebral fissure length (per mm)

1.08 (0.92–1.27), 0.343

1.08 (0.95–1.21), 0.235

IIPPMs (presence vs absence)

0.69 (0.39–1.22), 0.206

0.96 (0.63–1.46), 0.853

Distichia (presence vs absence)

0.49 (0.23–1.06), 0.069

1.22 (0.61–2.44), 0.580