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Table 3 Isolation of influenza A virus in cell culture by sample and farm type

From: Comparison of individual, group and environmental sampling strategies to conduct influenza surveillance in pigs

Farm type

Farm ID

Nasal swabs (%)

Nasal wipes (%)

Oropharyngeal swabs (%)

Oral fluids (%)

Surface wipes (%)

Udder wipes (%)

Airborne particle deposition (%)

Air (%)

Sow herd

1

8/18* (44.4)

10/18 (55.5)

13/18 (72.2)

0/3 (0)

4/9 (44.4)

4/8 (50)

5/9 (55.5)

4/8 (50)

2

14/15 (93.3)

14/15 (93.3)

15/15 (100)

0/2 (0)

2/5 (40)

7/7 (100)

2/7 (28.5)

4/7 (57.1)

3

NT**

NT

NT

NT

NT

NT

NT

NT

4

5/6 (83.3)

6/9 (66.6)

5/6 (83.3)

1/1 (100)

2/2 (100)

2/3 (66.6)

0/3 (0)

1/3 (33.3)

5

7/15 (46.6)

7/15 (46.6)

7/12 (58.3)

0/0 (0)

2/5 (40)

5/6 (83.3)

0/5 (0)

0/8 (0)

6

NT

NT

NT

NT

NT

NT

NT

NT

Total&

34/54 (62.9)a

37/57 (64.9)a

40/51 (78.4)a

1/6 (16.6)x

10/21 (47.6)x

18/24 (75)x

7/24 (29.2)z

9/26 (34.6)z

Wean-to- finish

1

NT

NT

NC***

NT

NT

NC

NT

NT

2

6/15 (40)

9/18 (50)

NC

0/3 (0)

0/3 (0)

NC

0/1 (0)

1/2 (50)

3

1/3 (33.3)

2/6 (33.3)

NC

0/6 (0)

0/6 (0)

NC

0/5 (0)

0/4 (0)

4

8/12 (66.6)

9/15 (60)

NC

0/5 (0)

5/5 (100)

NC

1/7 (14.2)

0/6 (0)

5

2/9 (22.2)

3/12 (25)

NC

0/5 (0)

1/7 (14.2)

NC

0/5 (0)

0/3 (0)

6

3/3 (100)

NT

NC

1/1 (100)

1/3 (33.3)

NC

1/3 (33.3)

0/4 (0)

Total

20/42 (47.6)a

23/51 (45)a

NC

1/20 (5)x

7/24 (29.2)x

NC

2/21 (9.5)z

1/19 (5.3)z

  1. *Number of positive/number tested
  2. **NT: Not tested (these samples were not tested because farm was confirmed influenza negative by rRT-PCR)
  3. ***NC: Not collected
  4. &Total values include only the samples of the influenza positive farms
  5. Superscripts (letters a, x, z) indicate statistical differences between sample types at each level
  6. Alpha 0.05 for statistical significance