Quality of life and owner attitude to dog overweight and obesity in Thailand and the Netherlands

Endenburg, Nienke; Soontararak, Sirikul; Charoensuk, Chalermpol; van Lith, Hein A.

doi:10.1186/s12917-018-1531-z

BMC Veterinary Research

Table 4 Orthogonal factor loadings for owner attitude^a

From: Quality of life and owner attitude to dog overweight and obesity in Thailand and the Netherlands

		Orthogonal factors
		FCB
Scale/Subscale/Question number		OC			OE		AK		FP			OE
		ECB	OC	EB	DB	AK	VE	VE	OC	DC	LK	DB
	Item	Fac1	Fac2	Fac3	Fac4	Fac5	Fac6	Fac7	Fac8	Fac9	Fac10	Fac11
Eigenvalue		11.22	3.73	2.63	2.20	2.10	1.95	1.52	1.44	1.31	1.17	1.00
% of the total variance		26.7	8.9	6.3	5.2	5.0	4.6	3.6	3.4	3.1	2.8	2.4
Attitude in feeding
Ambivalence about knowledge (AK)
Q35:	I don’t know how much food to feed my dog.	-0.144	0.127	0.139	0.227	0.691	0.191	-0.107	0.009	0.039	0.223	0.027
Q36:	I don’t know what type of food to feed my dog.	-0.124	0.101	0.027	0.150	0.778	0.181	-0.101	0.077	0.045	0.174	-0.028
Q37:	I don’t know how many times a day I should feed my dog.	-0.101	0.064	-0.018	0.101	0.807	0.026	-0.037	0.116	0.050	0.190	0.082
Q38:	It’s important that I feed my dog the appropriate type of food.	0.210	-0.078	-0.040	-0.077	-0.125	-0.839	-0.082	-0.112	-0.090	-0.114	-0.092
Q39:	It’s important that I feed my dog the appropriate number of times a day.	0.177	-0.138	-0.038	-0.161	-0.086	-0.840	-0.051	-0.139	-0.097	-0.105	-0.056
Feed to please (FP)
Q40:	It’s important that I feed my dog whenever he/she likes.	-0.049	0.005	0.057	0.107	0.026	0.158	-0.070	0.778	0.088	0.140	0.094
Q41:	It’s important that I feed my dog whatever he/she likes.	-0.069	0.068	0.081	0.318	0.160	0.021	-0.074	0.695	0.242	-0.017	-0.063
Q42:	It’s important that I feed my dog as much as he/she wants.	-0.116	0.066	0.003	0.227	0.043	0.304	-0.001	0.690	0.240	0.066	-0.038
Owner-centred / External barrier (OE)
Q43:	My dog is overfed because he/she always wants food.	-0.220	0.176	0.005	0.546	0.076	-0.004	-0.115	0.265	0.004	0.061	0.255
Q44:	My dog isn’t given the appropriate type of food because others feed the dog.	-0.197	0.129	0.141	0.114	-0.014	0.108	-0.001	0.060	0.038	0.023	0.800
Q45:	I feed my dog inappropriate types of food because he/she likes that kind of food.	-0.199	0.110	0.161	0.655	0.100	0.197	-0.054	-0.024	0.147	0.144	0.165
Q46:	My dog isn’t fed the appropriate number of times per day because others feed him/her.	-0.040	0.076	0.334	0.240	0.048	0.079	-0.085	-0.054	0.101	0.086	0.690
Dog-centred barriers (DB)
Q47:	I feed my dog inappropriate food because I like to spoil him/her.	-0.091	0.224	0.053	0.752	0.198	0.101	-0.005	0.142	0.008	0.067	0.079
Q48:	My dog is overfed because I indulge him/her.	-0.229	0.175	0.050	0.718	0.182	0.040	-0.058	0.275	-0.014	0.147	0.041
Q49:	I feed my dog inappropriate food because appropriate food is too expensive.	-0.018	0.270	-0.069	0.308	0.243	-0.133	-0.055	0.276	-0.028	0.023	0.371
Control belief (FCB)
Q50:	Overall, how much control do you feel you have over the amount you feed your dog.	0.615	0.004	-0.098	-0.307	-0.206	-0.146	0.186	-0.181	-0.078	-0.040	-0.163
Q51:	Overall, how much control do you feel you have over the type of food you feed your dog.	0.553	0.023	-0.118	-0.191	-0.244	-0.132	0.261	-0.173	-0.056	-0.106	-0.275
Q52:	Overall, how much control do you feel you have over the number of times you feed your dog during the day.	0.537	0.123	-0.084	-0.268	-0.281	-0.058	0.270	-0.096	0.002	-0.096	-0.292
Attitude in exercise
Value exercise (VE)
Q53:	It’s important that I exercise my dog the appropriate number of times a week.	0.166	-0.177	-0.002	-0.021	-0.028	0.036	0.822	0.045	0.076	-0.072	0.003
Q54:	It’s important that I give my dog the appropriate type of exercise.	0.102	-0.131	-0.066	-0.090	-0.066	-0.010	0.838	0.012	0.029	-0.143	-0.021
Q55:	It’s important to me that my dog is fit.	-0.044	-0.068	0.040	0.024	-0.116	0.057	0.729	-0.120	0.136	0.058	-0.151
Q56:	My dog doesn’t need exercise.	-0.200	-0.026	0.020	0.020	0.165	0.747	0.067	0.167	0.120	0.190	0.018
Q57:	It is important that I exercise my dog for the appropriate length of time.	-0.045	-0.082	-0.069	-0.154	-0.001	0.218	0.485	-0.064	0.190	0.268	0.151
Lack of knowledge (LK)
Q58:	I don’t know how often I should exercise my dog.	-0.235	0.163	0.103	0.136	0.348	0.184	-0.035	0.180	0.067	0.697	0.053
Q59:	I don’t know the appropriate length of time my dog should be exercised.	-0.270	0.175	0.106	0.158	0.288	0.174	-0.054	0.129	0.056	0.762	0.067
Q60:	I don’t know what type of exercise to give my dog.	-0.197	0.187	0.088	0.182	0.304	0.222	0.000	0.073	0.034	0.760	0.050
Dog centred (DC)
Q61:	It’s important that I exercise my dog as frequently as he/she wants.	-0.125	0.011	0.009	0.050	-0.046	0.215	0.130	0.188	0.768	0.096	0.040
Q62:	It’s important that I exercise my dog for as long as he/she wants.	-0.054	0.039	-0.038	-0.015	0.082	-0.014	0.079	0.105	0.880	0.082	0.010
Q63:	It’s important that I give my dog the type of exercise that he/she likes.	-0.081	-0.048	0.058	0.067	0.063	0.099	0.117	0.068	0.793	-0.051	0.050
Owner centred (OC)
Q64:	I don’t exercise my dog frequently enough because I don’t like to.	-0.121	0.834	0.043	0.139	0.155	0.057	-0.111	0.000	-0.014	0.064	0.075
Q65:	I don’t exercise my dog for long enough because I don’t like to.	-0.107	0.848	0.098	0.154	0.174	0.065	-0.104	0.031	0.033	0.043	0.054
Q66:	I don’t give my dog the appropriate type of exercise because I don’t like to.	-0.161	0.816	0.099	0.176	-0.008	0.028	-0.134	0.041	0.009	0.119	0.013
Q67:	I don’t give my dog the appropriate kind of exercise because he/she doesn’t like that type of exercise.	-0.075	0.600	0.151	0.311	-0.103	0.061	-0.217	0.047	0.047	0.176	0.046
Q68:	I don’t exercise my dog as frequently as I should because he/she is badly behaved.	-0.105	0.412	0.256	-0.147	0.245	0.030	0.006	0.237	-0.139	-0.288	0.219
Q69:	I don’t exercise my dog as frequently as I should because I don’t have time.	-0.460	0.509	0.111	-0.109	0.030	0.027	0.008	0.238	-0.051	0.202	0.173
Q70:	I don’t give my dog the appropriate type of exercise because I don’t have access to appropriate areas.	-0.428	0.299	0.015	-0.148	0.126	0.097	0.100	0.477	-0.113	0.141	0.209
External barrier (EB)
Q71:	My dog isn’t exercised frequently enough because other people exercise it.	-0.126	0.123	0.918	0.034	0.027	0.044	0.001	0.042	-0.021	0.042	0.051
Q72:	My dog isn’t given the appropriate type of exercise because other people exercise it.	-0.095	0.094	0.911	0.072	0.055	0.009	-0.041	0.032	0.045	0.072	0.166
Q73:	My dog isn’t exercised long enough because other people exercise it.	-0.098	0.127	0.901	0.092	0.033	0.028	-0.028	0.048	0.009	0.058	0.117
Control belief (ECB)
Q74:	Overall, how much control do you feel you have over the type of exercise you give your dog.	0.820	-0.203	-0.075	-0.135	-0.033	-0.186	0.016	0.048	-0.088	-0.121	0.014
Q75:	Overall, how much control do you feel you have over how frequently you exercise your dog.	0.852	-0.236	-0.085	-0.134	-0.038	-0.156	-0.028	-0.058	-0.118	-0.114	-0.023
Q76:	Overall, how much control do you feel you have over the length of time you exercise your dog?	0.864	-0.190	-0.090	-0.091	-0.055	-0.149	-0.005	-0.046	-0.108	-0.141	0.017

^aThe data from the owner attitude (n = 349) were subject to factor analysis. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure is 0.872, indicating a high sampling adequacy for the factor analysis. Bartlett’s test of sphericity indicates that the factor model is appropriate (P < 0.0005). Factor Loadings > 0.4 are considered to be high and are indicated in bold. The eleven factors account for 72.0% of the total variance
AK ambivalence about knowledge, FP feed to please, OE owner-centred / external barrier, DB dog-centred barriers, FCB control belief (part of: attitude of feeding), VE value exercise, LK lack of knowledge, DC dog centred, OC owner centred, EB external barrier, ECB control belief (part of: attitude in exercise).

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