Fig. 5

Comparison of expression levels of miR-34a, let-7c, miR-16, miR-103b, and miR-106b in urine specimens from patients with normal bladders, lower urinary tract disease (LUTD), and transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder. One-way ANOVA on ranks identified significant differences in the expression levels of miR-16 and miR-103b in the urine of LUTD vs TCC patients (c and d, p < 0.05 and p < 0.005, respectively), of let-7c levels in the urine of normal vs TCC and LUTD patients (b, p < 0.05 for both), and of miR-106b levels in the urine of normal vs TCC patients (e, p < 0.05). A statistically significant difference in miR-34a expression levels was not observed between the 3 patient groups (a)