Table 1 Variables identified as significant (P < 0.15 in the univariate analysis) and included in the multivariate analysis
Besnoitia besnoiti | Neospora hughesi | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variables | Categories | No. analyzed a | Positive (%) | P-value | Positive (%) | P-value |
Species | Horse | 553 | 16 (2.9) | <0.001 | ||
Donkey | 85 | 13 (15.3) | ||||
Mule | 83 | 22 (26.5) | ||||
Breed | Pure | 370 | 18 (4.9) | 0.005 | 30 (8.1) | 0.021 |
Crossbred | 298 | 31 (10.4) | 12 (4.0) | |||
Sex | Female | 306 | 26 (8.5) | 0.129 | ||
Male | 415 | 25 (6.0) | ||||
Province | Almeria | 14 | 1 (7.1) | <0.001 | ||
Cadiz | 320 | 40 (12.5) | ||||
Córdoba | 60 | 0 (0.0) | ||||
Granada | 38 | 3 (7.9) | ||||
Huelva | 60 | 1 (1.7) | ||||
Jaen | 30 | 0 (0.0) | ||||
Malaga | 98 | 5 (5.1) | ||||
Seville | 101 | 1 (1.0) | ||||
Presence of shelters | Yes | 407 | 15 (3.7) | <0.001 | 23 (5.7) | 0.122 |
No | 280 | 35 (12.5) | 23 (8.2) | |||
Presence of wild birds | Yes | 403 | 40 (9.9) | 0.001 | ||
No | 275 | 9 (3.3) | ||||
Presence of cattle | Yes | 145 | 19 (13.1) | 0.020 | 17 (11.7) | 0.017 |
No | 417 | 29 (7.0) | 24 (5.8) | |||
Presence of wild ruminants | Yes | 41 | 8 (19.5) | 0.006 | ||
No | 521 | 33 (6.3) | ||||
Presence of rodents | Yes | 388 | 35 (9.0) | 0.001 | 34 (8.8) | 0.002 |
No | 261 | 8 (3.1) | 15 (5.7) | |||
Rodent control program | Yes | 434 | 24 (5.5) | 0.009 | ||
No | 226 | 25 (11.1) | ||||
Cleaning protocol | Yes | 581 | 38 (6.5) | 0.018 | 32 (5.5) | 0.068 |
No | 86 | 12 (14.0) | 9 (10.5) | |||
Disinfection protocol | Yes | 536 | 32 (6.0) | 0.006 | ||
No | 127 | 17 (13.4) | ||||