From: Morphological changes of the caudal cervical intervertebral foramina due to flexion-extension and compression-traction movements in the canine cervical vertebral column
Movement
Load
Height (mm)a
95Â % Confidence. Intervala (CI)
Neutral
None
4.31
4.05 − 4.57
Compression
4.14
3.89 − 4.4
Traction
4.46
4.20 − 4.72
Extension
3.57
3.31 − 3.83
Flexion
4.79
4.53 − 5.05