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Table 1 Oxidative stress parameters (Mean ± SE) of control and treated (oxytocin injected) lactating Bubalis bubalis (Nili Ravi) during different months of lactation

From: Oxytocin induced oxidative stress in lactating Bubalis bubalis (Nili Ravi)

Parameters

1st month

2nd month

3rd month

4th month

5th month

6th month

C

T

C

T

C

T

C

T

C

T

C

T

TOS (μMol/L)

0.47 ± 0.02c

0.97 ± 0.08ab

0.79 ± 0.09b

0.79 ± 0.09b

1.10 ± 0.07a

1.12 ± 0.08a

1.08 ± 0.06a

1.00 ± 0.05ab

0.36 ± 0.03c

0.98 ± 0.071ab

0.78 ± 0.09b

0.97 ± 0.06ab

TAC (mMol/L)

0.30 ± 0.01efg

0.20 ± 0.02fg

0.40 ± 0.06de

0.26 ± 0.02fg

1.06 ± 0.02a

0.49 ± 0.06cd

0.78 ± 0.03b

0.32 ± 0.02ef

0.18 ± 0.02g

0.28 ± 0.02efg

0.55 ± 0.08c

0.25 ± 0.01fg

tHcy (μMol/L)

12.72 ± 0.59cd

16.77 ± 0.99a

10.43 ± 0.30d

17.04 ± 0.84a

14.20 ± 0.65bc

15.77 ± 0.66ab

12.15 ± 0.86cd

17.52 ± 0.57a

14.03 ± 0.92bc

16.52 ± 0.56ab

15.32 ± 0.33ab

17.44 ± 0.52a

PON1 activity (U/L)

35.06 ± 2.68g

45.74 ± 2.63bcd

58.29 ± 2.41a

48.71 ± 1.92bc

50.41 ± 1.63bc

45.59 ± 2.22bcde

51.41 ± 2.66ab

40.59 ± 1.33defg

46.98 ± 1.12bcd

38.51 ± 1.46efg

43.75 ± 1.23cdef

37.64 ± 0.86fg

Arylesterase activity (U/L)

47.12 ± 1.45ab

32.94 ± 1.04f

32.98 ± 1.38ef

28.09 ± 1.40f

43.94 ± 1.59bc

45.08 ± 1.75bc

38.29 ± 0.80de

43.44 ± 2.11bcd

40.74 ± 1.35cd

30.16 ± 1.35f

52.06 ± 0.74a

32.86 ± 1.77f

Ceruloplasmin oxidase activity (U/L)

32.06 ± 2.35e

55.91 ± 5.71bcd

45.31 ± 2.87de

33.09 ± 1.82e

51.63 ± 2.09cd

50.73 ± 3.80d

56.17 ± 4.07bcd

100.44 ± 5.54a

69.94 ± 4.59b

65.20 ± 4.55bc

65.31 ± 4.68bc

58.16 ± 1.74bcd

  1. Values with different alphabets in a row significantly differ at (P ≤ 0.05).
  2. Standard abbreviations and units are given in parenthesis.
  3. “C” = Control group; “T” = Treatment group (oxytocin injected).
  4. “TOS” = Total oxidant status; “TAC” = Total antioxidant capacity.
  5. “tHcy” = Total homocysteine; “PON1” = paraoxonase-1.