A major challenge in modern medicine and animal husbandry is the issue of antimicrobial resistance. One approach to solving this potential medical hazard is the selection of farm animals with less susceptibili...
Authors: A. Heimes, J. Brodhagen, R. Weikard, H. M. Hammon, M. M. Meyerholz, W. Petzl, H. Zerbe, S. Engelmann, M. Schmicke, M. Hoedemaker, H.-J. Schuberth and C. Kühn
The small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) are a heterogeneous group of viruses that includes caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) and Maedi-Visna virus (MVV). SRLVs affect the production and welfare of sh...
Authors: Silvia Colussi, Rosanna Desiato, Chiara Beltramo, Simone Peletto, Paola Modesto, Maria Grazia Maniaci, Valentina Campia, Antonio Quasso, Sergio Rosati, Luigi Bertolotti, Giuseppe Ru and Pier Luigi Acutis
Polymorphisms of the prion protein gene may influence scrapie susceptibility in small ruminants through modified protein conformation. At least 47 amino acid substitutions and 19 silent polymorphisms have been...
Authors: Maria Vitale, Sergio Migliore, Berhanu Tilahun, Mukarim Abdurahaman, Marco Tolone, Ignazio Sammarco, Vincenzo Di Marco Lo Presti and Endrias Zewdu Gebremedhin
Vitamin D-dependent rickets is rare in animals and humans. Several types of this condition are associated with genetic variants related to vitamin D metabolism. This is the first report of type 1B vitamin D-de...
Authors: Takahiro Teshima, Sena Kurita, Takashi Sasaki, Hirotaka Matsumoto, Ayaka Niina, Daijiro Abe, Nobuo Kanno and Hidekazu Koyama
Three Komondor dogs in a small family and 3 sporadic cases exhibited a constellation of signs that included juvenile-onset of failure-to-thrive, inappetence, vomiting and/or diarrhea, and weakness. In each we ...
Authors: John C. Fyfe, Shelby L. Hemker, Alycia Frampton, Karthik Raj, Peter L. Nagy, Kristi J. Gibbon and Urs Giger
Mucolipidosis II (ML II; I-cell disease) is caused by a deficiency of N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase (GNPTAB; EC 2.7.8.17), which leads to a failure to internalize acid hydrolases into lysosomes for ...
MicroRNAs can regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level through translational repression or target degradation. Our previous investigations examined the differential expression levels of chi-mi...
Authors: Kaiwen Chen, Jinxing Hou, Yuxuan Song, Xiaochuan Zhang, Yuhan Liu, Gonghai Zhang, Kai Wen, Haidong Ma, Guang Li, Binyun Cao and Xiaopeng An
Because of the influence of genetics on animal production and the risk of losing genetic diversity of naturally adapted breeds, this study evaluated the genetic diversity of sheep of the Morada Nova breed belo...
Authors: Caroline Marçal Gomes David, Celia Raquel Quirino, Wilder Hernando Ortiz Vega, Aylton Bartholazzi Junior, Aparecida de Fátima Madella-Oliveira and Ricardo Lopes Dias Costa
A short period of overfeeding can lead to severe hepatic steatosis in the goose, which is physiological, suggesting that geese, as a descendent of a migrating ancestor, may have evolutionally developed a uniqu...
Authors: Long Liu, Qian Wang, Qianqian Wang, Xing Zhao, Pan Zhao, Tuoyu Geng and Daoqing Gong
Newcastle disease virus, in its most pathogenic form, threatens the livelihood of rural poultry farmers where there is a limited infrastructure and service for vaccinations to prevent outbreaks of the virus. P...
Authors: Perot Saelao, Ying Wang, Rodrigo A. Gallardo, Susan J. Lamont, Jack M. Dekkers, Terra Kelly and Huaijun Zhou
Apoptosis plays an important role in the regulation of healthy tissue growth and development as well as in controlling the maintenance of homeostasis in exercising muscles. During an intensive physical effort,...
Authors: K. Ropka-Molik, M. Stefaniuk-Szmukier, K. Piórkowska, T. Szmatoła and M. Bugno-Poniewierska
The fatty acid (FA) composition of adipose tissue influences the nutritional quality of meat products. The unsaturation level of FAs is determined by fatty acid desaturases such as stearoyl-CoA desaturases (SC...
Authors: David Gamarra, Noelia Aldai, Aisaku Arakawa, Luis Javier R. Barron, Andrés López-Oceja, Marian M. de Pancorbo and Masaaki Taniguchi
High throughput sequencing allows identification of small non-coding RNAs. Transfer RNA Fragments are a class of small non-coding RNAs, and have been identified as being involved in inhibition of gene expressi...
Authors: Eduardo Casas, Guohong Cai, Larry A. Kuehn, Karen B. Register, Tara G. McDaneld and John D. Neill
Crossed beaks have been reported to occur in Appenzeller Barthuhn, a local Swiss chicken breed. The assumed causes for this beak deformity which are also seen in other bird species including domestic chickens,...
Authors: Sara Joller, Flurina Bertschinger, Erwin Kump, Astrid Spiri, Alois von Rotz, Daniela Schweizer-Gorgas, Cord Drögemüller and Christine Flury
In the past 10 years, the frequency of unplanned cesarean sections in the Labrador Retriever breeding colony at Guiding Eyes for the Blind stayed around 10% (range 5% to 28%). To reduce the number of cesarean ...
Authors: Gaudenz Dolf, Claude Gaillard, Jane Russenberger, Lou Moseley and Claude Schelling
Caesarean section is a routine veterinary obstetrical procedure employed to alleviate dystocia in cattle. However, CS, particularly before the onset of labour, is known to negatively affect neonatal respiratio...
Authors: Carla Surlis, Keelan McNamara, Eoin O’Hara, Sinead Waters, Marijke Beltman, Joseph Cassidy and David Kenny
Optimization of the immunoglobulin (Ig) yield in bovine milk used as therapeutic immune milk or whey for the prevention of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in humans is of great importance to improve the...
Authors: M. Hillreiner, C. Schmautz, I. Ballweg, V. Korenkova, M. W. Pfaffl and H. Kliem
Sperm DNA is protected against fragmentation by a high degree of chromatin packaging. It has been demonstrated that proper chromatin packaging is important for boar fertility outcome. However, little is known ...
Authors: Maren van Son, Nina Hårdnes Tremoen, Ann Helen Gaustad, Frøydis Deinboll Myromslien, Dag Inge Våge, Else-Berit Stenseth, Teklu Tewoldebrhan Zeremichael and Eli Grindflek
Circulating miRNAs (ci-miRNAs) are endogenous, non-coding RNAs emerging as potential diagnostic biomarkers. Equine miRNAs have been previously identified including subsets of tissue-specific miRNAs. In order t...
Authors: B. A. McGivney, M. E. Griffin, K. F. Gough, C. L. McGivney, J. A. Browne, E. W. Hill and L. M. Katz
A higher prevalence of inherited disorders among companion animals are often rooted in their historical restricted artificial selection for a variety of observed phenotypes that eventually decreased genetic di...
Authors: Fabiana H. G. Farias, Chad Tomlinson, Jeffrey Labuda, Gerardo Perez-Camargo, Rondo Middleton and Wesley C. Warren
Genome-wide gene expression profiling allows for identification of genes involved in the defense response of the host against pathogens. As presented here, transcriptomic analysis and bioinformatics tools were...
Authors: Ewa M Kosciuczuk, Paweł Lisowski, Justyna Jarczak, Alicja Majewska, Magdalena Rzewuska, Lech Zwierzchowski and Emilia Bagnicka
Renal syndromes are occasionally reported in domestic animals. Two identical twin Tyrolean Grey calves exhibited weight loss, skeletal abnormalities and delayed development associated with kidney abnormalities...
Authors: Leonardo Murgiano, Vidhya Jagannathan, Christian Piffer, Inmaculada Diez-Prieto, Marilena Bolcato, Arcangelo Gentile and Cord Drögemüller
In this work we aimed at sequencing and assembling the goat milk transcriptome corresponding at colostrum and 120 days of lactation. To reconstruct transcripts we used both the genome as reference, and a de novo ...
Authors: Alessandra Crisà, Fabrizio Ferrè, Giovanni Chillemi and Bianca Moioli
Spinocerebellar ataxia also referred to as hereditary ataxia comprises different forms of progressive neurodegenerative diseases. A complex mode of inheritance was most likely in Parson Russell Terriers (PRT) ...
Authors: Alana Christina Gast, Julia Metzger, Andrea Tipold and Ottmar Distl
Mastitis resistance is a complex and multifactorial trait, and its expression depends on both genetic and environmental factors, including infection pressure. The objective of this research was to determine th...
Authors: Marco Tolone, Cristian Larrondo, José M. Yáñez, Scott Newman, Maria Teresa Sardina and Baldassare Portolano
Congenital sensorineural deafness (CSD) is the most common type of deafness in dogs and it occurs in numerous canine breeds including the English bull terrier. This study estimates prevalence, heritability and...
Authors: Luisa De Risio, Julia Freeman and Thomas Lewis
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) are fatal neurodegenerative diseases of several mammalian species, including humans. In Italy, the active surveillance through rapid tests on brain stem from sma...
Authors: Maria Vitale, Sergio Migliore, Maria La Giglia, Placido Alberti, Vincenzo Di Marco Lo Presti and Jan P. M. Langeveld
The release of new DNA-based diagnostic tools has increased tremendously in companion animals. Over 70 different DNA variants are now known for the cat, including DNA variants in disease-associated genes and g...
Authors: Leslie A. Lyons, Robert A. Grahn, Francesca Genova, Michela Beccaglia, John J. Hopwood and Maria Longeri
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is one of the most common congenital heart defects in dogs and is considered to be a complex, polygenic threshold trait for which a female sex predisposition has been described. ...
Authors: Marjolein L. den Toom, Agnes E. Meiling, Rachel E. Thomas, Peter A. J. Leegwater and Henri C. M. Heuven
Lethal chondrodysplasia (bulldog syndrome) is a well-known congenital syndrome in cattle and occurs sporadically in many breeds. In 2015, it was noticed that about 12 % of the offspring of the phenotypically n...
Authors: Jørgen S. Agerholm, Fiona Menzi, Fintan J. McEvoy, Vidhya Jagannathan and Cord Drögemüller
GM1 and GM2 gangliosidoses are progressive neurodegenerative lysosomal storage diseases resulting from the excessive accumulation of GM1 and GM2 gangliosides in the lysosomes, respectively. The diagnosis of ga...
A clear association of amino acid variation in the prion protein gene (PRNP) with susceptibility and resistance to classical scrapie exists in sheep, but not in goats. In this study we examined DNA sequence varia...
Authors: Vythegi Srithayakumar, Gordon B. Mitchell and Bradley N. White
Staphylococcus aureus is an important human opportunistic pathogen residing on skin and mucosae of healthy people. Pigs have been identified as a source of human colonization and infec...
Authors: Per Skallerup, Carmen Espinosa-Gongora, Claus B. Jørgensen, Luca Guardabassi and Merete Fredholm
