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Fig. 4 | BMC Veterinary Research

Fig. 4

From: β-1,3-glucan improved the health and immunity of juvenile African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) and neutralized the histological changes caused by lead and fipronil pollutants

Fig. 4

Histological changes in splenic tissues of Clarias gariepinus experimental groups. The control group (G1: a) showed normal splenic parenchyma with normal white pulp (arrow) and red pulp (arrowhead). The second group (G2: b) supplemented with β-1,3-glucan showed normal, intact splenic parenchyma with white pulp (arrow) and red pulp (arrowhead). The third group (G3: c, d, e, f, and g) that was exposed to fipronil and lead revealed severe depletion and necrosis in the lymphocytes (c) of white pulp (arrows), and hemorrhagic red pulp (arrowheads), severe hemosiderosis (d), abnormal accumulation of iron deposits (e), large golden yellow patches within the splenic parenchyma (arrow), and severe blood vessel dilatation with severe congestion (f) and hemorrhage (g) within the splenic red pulp (arrow) were all observed. The fourth group (G4: h) exposed to fipronil and lead combined with β-1,3-glucan showed normal splenic red and white pulp (arrows) and activated melanomacrophages (h) centers (arrowheads). H&E stain; scale bar = 200 μm

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BMC Veterinary Research

ISSN: 1746-6148

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