Skip to main content
Fig. 3 | BMC Veterinary Research

Fig. 3

From: β-1,3-glucan improved the health and immunity of juvenile African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) and neutralized the histological changes caused by lead and fipronil pollutants

Fig. 3

Histological changes in the intestinal tissues of the different Clarias gariepinus experimental groups. The control group (G1: a) showed a normal, intact intestinal wall; mucosa (arrowhead), submucosa (S), muscular coat (M), and serosa (arrow). The second group (G2: b), which was supplemented with β-1,3-glucan represented a normal, intact intestinal wall and intestinal villi with a normal lining epithelium (arrowhead). The third group (G3: c, d, e, f, and g) exposed to fipronil and lead revealed several histopathological views in the intestinal wall, including catarrhal enteritis with numerous lymphocytes infiltration and severe blood vessel dilatation with submucosal congestion (c), mucinous lining epithelial (d), and severe intestinal villi degeneration with focal detachment of their columnar lining epithelium [(e, f, and g), (arrowheads)]. The fourth group (G4: h and i) that received a combination of fipronil, lead, and supplemented with β-1,3-glucan showed normal, intact intestinal wall (h) without any abnormalities (arrowheads) and a slight increase in the goblet cell [(h), (arrows)] cells. Also, intact intestinal villi with normal lining epithelium [(i), (arrowheads)] were observed. H&E stain, Scale bar 200 μm

Back to article page

BMC Veterinary Research

ISSN: 1746-6148

Contact us