Fig. 7

Effect of endocytosis inhibitor towards GO intracellular antimicrobial activities. Infected cells were pre-treated with a) cytochalasin D, b) dynasore, and c) ikarugamycin before exposure to GO (100 μg/mL). Cell pretreated with cytochalasin D reduced GO efficacy against intracellular bacteria, evidenced by increased intracellular bacterial survival. Untreated infected cells (without inhibitors but treated with GO) were used as control to establish the CFU values corresponding to 100% survival. Error bars represent the standard deviation of triplicates. NS (non-significant)