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Table 2 Ingredients and nutrient values of the experimental diet (% as fed basis)

From: Dietary supplementation with full-fat Hermetia illucens larvae and multi-probiotics, as a substitute for antibiotics, improves the growth performance, gut health, and antioxidative capacity of weaned pigs

Ingredienta

Phase I (day 1 to 14)

Phase II (day 15 to 28)

PC

NC

BSFL12

BSFL + Pro

PC

NC

BSFL12

BSFL + Pro

Corn

40.39

40.41

40.07

39.88

50.57

50.59

50.84

50.67

Soybean meal (43.8%)

28.88

28.88

17.22

17.31

31.39

31.39

19.80

19.87

Broken rice

10.00

10.00

10.00

10.00

6.00

6.00

6.00

6.00

Full-fat soybean meal

8.00

8.00

8.00

8.00

3.50

3.50

3.50

3.50

Whey powder

5.00

5.00

5.00

5.00

2.00

2.00

2.00

2.00

Skimmed milk

5.00

5.00

5.00

5.00

3.00

3.00

3.00

3.00

Black soldier fly larva

0.00

0.00

12.00

12.00

0.00

0.00

12.00

12.00

Bacillus probioticb

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.10

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.10

Amoxicillin

0.02

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.02

0.00

0.00

0.00

L-Lysine HCl (78%)

0.29

0.29

0.29

0.29

0.34

0.34

0.34

0.34

DL-Methionine (99%)

0.09

0.09

0.09

0.09

0.11

0.11

0.11

0.11

Dicalcium phosphate

1.39

1.39

1.39

1.39

1.56

1.56

1.56

1.56

Limestone

0.09

0.09

0.09

0.09

0.66

0.66

0.00

0.00

Sodium chloride

0.35

0.35

0.35

0.35

0.35

0.35

0.35

0.35

Vitamin-mineral premixc

0.50

0.50

0.50

0.50

0.50

0.50

0.50

0.50

Total

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

Calculated values (%)

 ME (kcal/kg)d

3290.63

3291.30

3368.79

3335.39

3224.27

3224.93

3324.37

3320.98

 Crude protein

22.50

22.50

22.50

22.50

21.50

21.50

21.50

21.50

 Ca

0.68

0.68

0.68

0.68

0.80

0.80

0.80

0.80

 Total phosphorus

0.66

0.66

0.66

0.66

0.68

0.68

0.68

0.68

 Lysine

1.45

1.45

1.45

1.45

1.38

1.38

1.38

1.38

 Methionine + Cysteine

0.65

0.65

0.65

0.65

0.65

0.65

0.65

0.65

 Tryptophan

0.22

0.22

0.22

0.22

0.23

0.23

0.23

0.23

 Threonine

0.87

0.87

0.87

0.87

0.86

0.84

0.84

0.88

 Crude fat

3.83

3.83

7.53

7.53

3.30

3.72

7.02

7.02

 Crude fibre

3.41

3.41

2.61

2.61

3.64

3.64

2.87

2.87

 Chitin

0.00

0.00

0.52

0.52

0.00

0.00

0.52

0.52

Analysed values (%)

 GE (kcal/kg)

4363

4366

4424

4436

4354

4331

4452

4430

 Crude protein

22.32

22.30

21.85

22.52

21.63

21.36

21.53

21.64

 Ether extract

3.62

3.72

8.13

8.16

3.37

3.84

7.22

7.33

  1. GE gross energy, ME metabolisable energy
  2. aCalculated values were obtained from the nutrient composition data from actual analysis and the NRC [15]
  3. bProbiotic mixture consisted of Bacillus subtilis, B. licheniformis, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae
  4. cProvided (per kg of complete diet): vitamin A 8000 IU; vitamin D3 1600 IU; vitamin E 34 IU; biotin 64 g; riboflavin 3.4 mg; calcium pantothenic acid 8 mg; niacin 16 mg; vitamin B12 12 g; vitamin K 2.4 mg; Se as Na2SeO3 0.1 mg; I as KI 0.32 mg; Mn as MnSO4 25.2 mg; Cu as CuSO4 53.9 mg; Fe as FeSO4 127.3 mg; Zn as ZnSO4 83.46 mg, and Co as CoSO4 0.28 mg
  5. dThe ME value of BSFL was obtained from previous studies [16,17,18]