Increasing the data on elasmobranch plasma protein electrophoresis: electrophoretogram reference values determination in the undulate skate (Raja Undulata) and the nursehound shark (Scyliorhinus stellaris) maintained under human care

Table 1 Reference intervals for plasma protein electrophoresis fractions in the undulate skate (Raja undulata), using the Sebia Minicap Protein 6 Flex-Piercing.

Analyte (unit)	n	Mean	SD	Median	Min	Max	RI	LRL	URL	Distr	Method	P
TP (g/l)	48	29.33	3.19	29.00	22.00	36.00	22.23–35.78	22.00-24.45	34.78-36.00	G	P	0.254
Fraction 1 (%)	48	0.45	0.24	0.40	0.10	1.00	0.12–0.98	0.10–0.20	0.90-1.00	NG	NP	< 0.01
Fraction 2 (%)	48	12.98	5.10	12.75	4.40	24.20	4.47–23.93	4.40–5.14	20.74–24.20	G	P	0.423
Fraction 3 (%)	48	42.65	3.17	43.15	36.10	48.90	36.21–48.68	36.10-36.97	46.70–48.90	G	P	0.408
Fraction 4 (%)	48	33.36	3.78	32.40	24.30	42.30	24.84–42.05	24.30–28.40	38.90–42.30	G	P	0.879
Fraction 5 (%)	48	4.84	1.54	4.60	2.30	8.40	2.30–8.40	2.30–2.86	7.83–8.40	NG	NP	< 0.01
Fraction 6 (%)	48	3.88	1.54	3.50	1.40	8.30	1.51–8.17	1.40-2.00	7.03–8.30	NG	NP	0.031
Fraction 7 (%)	48	1.83	0.55	1.95	0.80	3.10	0.82–3.10	0.80–0.92	2.50–3.10	G	P	0.222
Fraction 1 (g/l)	48	0.13	0.07	0.11	0.03	0.32	0.04–0.31	0.03–0.05	0.26–0.32	NG	NP	< 0.01
Fraction 2 (g/l)	48	3.77	1.47	3.70	1.20	7.99	1.28–7.59	1.20–1.64	5.83–7.99	G	P	0.358
Fraction 3 (g/l)	48	12.54	1.92	12.30	8.62	17.24	8.92–16.99	8.62–10.04	16.02–17.24	NG	NP	0.149
Fraction 4 (g/l)	48	9.80	1.68	9.61	5.83	14.81	6.13–14.58	5.83–7.90	12.95–14.81	NG	NP	0.011
Fraction 5 (g/l)	48	1.40	0.43	1.30	0.69	2.44	0.72–2.44	0.69–0.87	2.32–2.44	NG	NP	< 0.01
Fraction 6 (g/l)	48	1.14	0.49	1.00	0.39	2.74	0.43–2.68	0.39–0.62	1.95–2.74	NG	NP	< 0.01
Fraction 7 (g/l)	48	0.54	0.18	0.55	0.22	0.90	0.23–0.90	0.22–0.26	0.85–0.90	NG	NP	0.199
Alpha-2-/Beta-globulin ratio	48	1.03	0.12	1–01	0.82	1.33	0.82–1.32	0.82–0.88	1.24-1.33	NG	NP	0.173

n, number of individuals; SD, standard deviation; RI, reference intervals; LRL, 90% confidence interval of the lower reference limit; URL, 90% confidence interval of the upper reference limit (90% confidence intervals of the limits determined nonparametrically used a bootstrap method); Distr, distribution; P, p-value calculated using Saphiro-Wilk test (cut off value was set at 0.20); G, Gaussian; NG, non-Gaussian; P, parametric; NP, non-parametric TP, total proteins in plasma

ISSN: 1746-6148