From: Appendicular skeletal muscle mass assessment in dogs: a scoping literature review
Thoracic limb | |
Measured muscle | • Individual muscle: supraspinatus [65], infraspinatus [65] • Grouped muscles: cubital flexors [65] and cubital extensors [65] |
Pelvic limb: Thigh | |
Measured muscle | • Individual muscle: quadriceps femoris [64, 66], rectus femoris [9], biceps femoris [64], semitendinosus [64], semimembranosus [64] • Grouped muscles: medial thigh muscles [9], lateral thigh muscles [9, 38], cranial thigh muscles (e.g., hip flexors) [38, 65], caudal thigh muscles (e.g., hip extensors) [65] |
Measurement level | • Proximal 1/6 of the thigh length [64] • Proximal 1/3 of the thigh length [9, 64] • Mid-point of the thigh length [9, 38, 64, 66] • Distal 1/3 of the thigh length [64] • Distal 1/6 of the thigh length [64] |
Proximal landmark | |
Distal landmark | • Base of the patella [9, 64] • Lateral condyle of the femur [66] |