Table 4 Serum metabolomics summary

Amino acids

< 0.0001^c

Mixed

Carbohydrates

0.002^c

Mixed

Collagen metabolism

< 0.0001^c

Mixed

Free fatty acids

Eicosanoids

0.01^a

Mixed

Polyunsaturated n3

< 0.0001^a

Increased

Polyunsaturated n6

< 0.0001^a

Decreased

Saturated & monounsaturated

< 0.0001^a

Mixed

Phospholipids

Lysophospholipids

< 0.0001^c

Mixed

Phosphatidylcholines (PC)

< 0.0001^c

Mixed

Phosphatidylethanolamines (PE)

0.005^c

Mixed

Phosphatidylinositol (PI)

< 0.0001^a

Mixed

Sphingolipids

All

< 0.0001^a

Decreased

Ceramides

0.01^c

Decreased

Dihydroceramides

0.03^a

Mixed

Dihydrosphingomyelins

< 0.0001^a

Mixed

Hexosylceramides (HCER)

0.007^a

Decreased

Lactosylceramides (LCER)

0.02^c

Mixed

Sphingolipid synthesis

ns

Sphingosines

ns

Sphingomyelins

0.03^c

Mixed

Tocopherol metabolism

0.002^c

Mixed

Tryptophan indole pathway

0.02^c

Increased