Broiler responses to copper levels and sources: growth, tissue mineral content, antioxidant status and mRNA expression of genes involved in lipid and protein metabolism

Table 1 Analyzed concentration of copper and trace minerals in experimental diets (as fed basis)

Mineral sources^a	Trace minerals^b	Copper supplementation in basal diet^c (mg/kg)
Mineral sources^a	Trace minerals^b	0	4	8	12	16
Organic	Cu	1.18	3.42	8.97	11.9	15.5
	Fe	112	116	112	111	111
	Mn	63.0	64.0	61.0	64.0	65.0
	Zn	49.0	48.0	50.0	48.0	48.0
Inorganic	Cu	1.30	6.09	9.23	13.3	17.3
	Fe	93.0	101	122	124	110
	Mn	57.0	62.0	62.0	66.0	58.0
	Zn	44.0	43.0	39.0	40.0	49.0

^aOrganic: copper proteinate (CuPro) and organic trace minerals; Inorganic: copper sulphate (CuSO_4.5H₂O) and inorganic trace minerals
^bValue determined by analysis. Each value based on 10 replicates
^cCopper supplementation levels were obtained by adding 0; 4; 8; 12; and 16 mg Cu/kg diet to a semi-purified diet containing 1.32 mg Cu/kg

ISSN: 1746-6148