Fig. 7

Viability and abnormal morphology of the canine post-thaw sperm after cryopreservation in extenders containing different levels of melatonin versus the controls. A one-way ANOVA statistical test was used to make a comparison between treatment groups and an LSD posthoc test was used to perform pairwise comparisons. Negative Control (without Melatonin or DMSO), Positive Control (containing DMSO), M1 (containing 0.5 mM Melatonin), M2 (containing 1 mM Melatonin), and M3 (containing 2 mM Melatonin). ns, a non-significant difference. All numbers are presented as mean live or morphologically abnormal sperm % ± SEM. P values ≤0.05 were considered statistically significant