Molecular detection of Theileria species, Anaplasma species, Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos, Trypanosoma evansi and first evidence of Theileria sinensis-associated bovine anaemia in crossbred Kedah-Kelantan x Brahman cattle

Agina, Onyinyechukwu Ada; Shaari, Mohd Rosly; Isa, Nur Mahiza Md; Ajat, Mokrish; Zamri-Saad, Mohd; Mazlan, Mazlina; Muhamad, Azim Salahuddin; Kassim, Afrah Alhana; Ha, Lee Chai; Rusli, Fairuz Hazwani; Masaud, Darulmuqaamah; Hamzah, Hazilawati

doi:10.1186/s12917-021-02902-0

Table 5 Serum biochemistry parameters of Kedah-Kelantan X Brahman cattle naturally infected by blood pathogens

From: Molecular detection of Theileria species, Anaplasma species, Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos, Trypanosoma evansi and first evidence of Theileria sinensis-associated bovine anaemia in crossbred Kedah-Kelantan x Brahman cattle

Serum biochemical parameters	*T. evansi* infected cattle (*n =* 3)	*Candidatus M. haemobos* infected cattle (*n =* 5)	*T. sinensis* infected cattle (*n =* 9)	*T. orientalis* + *A. marginale* infected cattle (*n =* 10)	*A. platys* + *T. sinensis* infected cattle (*n =* 3)	*T. sinensis + C. M. haemobos* infected cattle (*n =* 17)	*T. orientalis + T. sinensis* infected cattle (*n =* 9)	*C. M. haemobos + T. sinensis + A. marginale* infected cattle (*n =* 5)	Clinically healthy cattle (*n =* 17)
ALP (U/L)	351.00 ± 5.00^d	54.00 ± 6.35^ab	44.67 ± 4.22^a	57.50 ± 6.97^ab	51.00 ± 5.14^ab	82.35 ± 5.53^bc	65.63 ± 6.26^ab	107.25 ± 6.07^c	71.94 ± 4.62^bc
AST (U/L)	135.50 ± 2.50^a	57.50 ± 5.92^b	81.00 ± 9.08^b	68.10 ± 9.17^b	67.00 ± 6.00^b	70.13 ± 5.53^b	71.13 ± 5.18^b	62.40 ± 7.69^b	78.86 ± 2.48^b
γ-GT (U/L)	58.00 ± 1.00^b	19.50 ± 3.07^a	17.11 ± 2.90^a	31.20 ± 6.06^a	25.50 ± 6.50^a	20.38 ± 2.95^a	22.11 ± 4.28^a	29.20 ± 3.71^a	22.79 ± 1.48^a
Total proteins (g/L)	92.40 ± 1.80^c	76.93 ± 4.05^a	75.29 ± 2.95^ab	79.73 ± 2.58^b	76.40 ± 1.00^ab	76.17 ± 1.68^ab	78.06 ± 2.80^b	76.13 ± 2.06^ab	71.85 ± 2.04^ab
Albumin (g/L)	21.75 ± 0.65^a	27.95 ± 1.35^b	30.46 ± 0.99^bc	31.52 ± 0.80^bc	32.90 ± 3.40^bcd	32.62 ± 0.82^bcd	33.67 ± 1.19^cd	32.30 ± 2.03^bc	37.29 ± 0.75^d
Globulin (g/L)	70.65 ± 1.15^b	48.98 ± 2.71^a	44.83 ± 2.57^a	48.21 ± 2.11^a	43.50 ± 2.40^a	43.56 ± 1.54^a	44.39 ± 2.42^a	43.83 ± 1.57^a	37.84 ± 1.03^a
A: G (Unit)	0.31 ± 0.01^a	0.72 ± 0.02^b	0.70 ± 0.04^b	0.67 ± 0.03^b	0.84 ± 0.14^bc	0.75 ± 0.21^b	0.73 ± 0.04^b	0.76 ± 0.07^b	1.01 ± 0.03^c
Total bilirubin (μmol/L)	30.30 ± 0.50^c	5.05 ± 0.93^ab	9.27 ± 1.57^b	8.03 ± 1.29^ab	5.30 ± 0.01^ab	9.03 ± 1.04^b	7.37 ± 0.81^ab	7.88 ± 1.51^ab	3.87 ± 0.30^a
Conjugated bilirubin (μmol/L)	8.50 ± 0.20^b	2.23 ± 0.44^a	3.58 ± 0.54^a	3.40 ± 0.47^a	2.30 ± 0.30^a	3.17 ± 0.27^a	2.75 ± 0.36^a	3.18 ± 0.51^a	2.17 ± 0.13^a
Unconjugated bilirubin (μmol/L)	21.80 ± 0.30^e	2.83 ± 0.53^ab	5.69 ± 1.05^cd	4.63 ± 0.85^bcd	3.00 ± 0.30^abc	4.83 ± 0.50^bcd	4.61 ± 0.48^bcd	4.70 ± 1.03^bcd	1.41 ± 0.21^a
Sodium (mmol/L)	191.50 ± 6.50^b	209.00 ± 6.06^b	187.22 ± 7.22^b	187.56 ± 6.20^b	168.50 ± 7.19^ab	180.78 ± 8.72^ab	179.89 ± 6.93^ab	171.50 ± 3.00^ab	141.00 ± 1.87^a
Potassium (mmol/L)	6.15 ± 0.05^b	6.50 ± 0.58^b	5.86 ± 0.19^ab	6.10 ± 0.47^b	5.20 ± 1.20^ab	5.76 ± 0.24^ab	5.57 ± 0.29^ab	5.28 ± 0.39^ab	4.65 ± 0.10
Chloride (mmol/L)	126.50 ± 5.50^ab	150.50 ± 4.45^b	133.33 ± 6.15^ab	129.40 ± 5.74^ab	117.50 ± 3.32^a	126.72 ± 6.70^ab	126.44 ± 5.10^ab	118.00 ± 9.58^a	103.00 ± 1.01^a
Inorganic phosphate (mmol/L)	2.75 ± 0.05	2.35 ± 0.40	2.38 ± 0.17	2.54 ± 0.12	2.65 ± 0.65	2.82 ± 0.15	2.73 ± 0.15	2.68 ± 0.27	2.10 ± 0.07
Creatinine (μmol/L)	182.00 ± 1.00^d	104.75 ± 6.87^b	85.00 ± 4.17^a	104.30 ± 3.60^ab	95.00 ± 2.00^ab	113.59 ± 3.25^b	104.57 ± 4.11^ab	112.75 ± 4.25^b	136.74 ± 3.17^c
Urea (mmol/L)	11.30 ± 1.00^d	6.88 ± 1.11^abc	6.11 ± 0.51^ab	7.24 ± 0.54^abc	8.40 ± 0.30^c	7.94 ± 0.26^bc	7.68 ± 0.54^bc	7.24 ± 0.48^abc	5.27 ± 0.24^a

^{a, b, ab, c, bc, cd, abc, bcd}Different superscripts indicate significant difference across the different blood pathogen infected cattle groups, p < 0.05

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