Dietary Arthrospira platensis improves systemic antioxidant potential and changes plasma lipids without affecting related hepatic metabolic pathways in post-weaned piglets

Table 7 Ingredients and detailed chemical composition of the experimental diets

	Diets
	Control	AP	AP + R	AP + L
Ingredients (g/kg, as fed basis)
Wheat	439	460	460	458
Corn	150	170	170	170
Soybean meal 48	250	110	110	110
Whey powder	100	100	100	100
Soybean oil	30	30	30	30
Spirulina	0	100	100	100
Rovabio^® Excel AP	–	–	0.05	–
Lysozyme	–	–	–	0.1
L-lysine	5	6	6	6
DL-methionine	1	1	1	1
L-threonine	1	–	–	–
Calcium carbonate	5	6	6	6
Dicalcium phosphate	13	12	12	12
Sodium chloride	3	2	2	2
Vitamin-mineral complex¹	3	3	3	3
Metabolizable energy (kcal/kg DM)²	3.738	3.809	3.789	3.818
Chemical composition (g/100 g, as fed basis)
DM	89.8	90.0	90.0	90.0
CP	17.9	18.1	17.9	17.8
NDF	14.6	11.9	11.9	11.8
ADF	4.21	3.97	4.06	3.94
Ash	5.11	4.76	4.89	4.75
Crude fat	5.28	5.62	5.87	5.80
Fatty acid composition (% total fatty acids)
12:0	0.123	0.122	0.146	0.140
14:0	0.396	0.479	0.520	0.531
16:0	13.5	17.8	18.3	19.3
16:1c9	0.140	0.817	0.875	0.836
18:0	3.17	3.19	3.32	3.62
18:1c9	24.1	21.1	20.5	20.1
18:1c11	1.30	1.23	1.28	1.27
18:2n-6	48.6	43.1	42.0	39.1
18:3n-3	4.55	4.17	4.31	4.22
20:0	0.364	0.325	0.324	0.323
20:1c11	0.298	0.572	0.559	0.820
22:0	0.365	0.365	0.365	0.421
Pigments (μg/g)
Chlorophyll-a³	2.70	108	112	132
Chlorophyll-b⁴	4.97	14.6	13.0	17.5
Total chlorophylls⁵	7.67	122	125	149
Total carotenoids⁶	2.41	11.6	12.6	13.0
Total chlorophylls and total carotenoids⁷	10.1	134	138	162
Diterpene profile (μg/g)
β-Carotene	0.160	3.57	3.14	2.15
α-Tocopherol	7.41	12.0	12.3	12.9
β-Tocopherol	0.676	0.254	0.215	0.213
γ-Tocopherol	1.054	0.997	1.052	0.925
α-Tocotrienol	1.092	0.504	0.923	0.994

Dietary treatments: cereal and soybean meal-based diet (control); basal diet with 10% of Arthrospira platensis (AP); basal diet with 10% of Arthrospira platensis supplemented with 0.005% of Rovabio^® (AP + R); basal diet with 10% of Arthrospira platensis supplemented with 0.01% of lysozyme (AP + L)
¹Premix provided per kg of complete diet: vitamin A, 6500 UI; vitamin D₃, 1500 UI; vitamin E, 15 mg; vitamin K₃, 1 mg; vitamin B₁, 1 mg; vitamin B₂, 3 mg; vitamin B₆, 2 mg; vitamin B₁₂, 0.02 mg; pantothenic acid, 10 mg; nicotinic acid, 15 mg; folic acid, 0.5 mg, biotin, 0.03 mg; betaine, 115 mg; vitamin C, 20 mg; Copper, 100 mg; iron, 100 mg; iodine, 0.5 mg; manganese 50 mg; selenium, 0.15 mg; zinc, 100 mg; butylated hydroxytoluene, 3 mg
²Metabolizable energy (kcal/kg DM) = 4412–11,06 × Ash (g/kg DM) + 3,37 × Crude Fat (g/kg DM) − 5,18 × ADF (g/kg DM) [63]
³Chlorophyll-a = 11.24 × A662 nm - 2.04 × A645 nm
⁴Chlorophyll-b = 20.13 × A645 nm - 4.19 × A662 nm
⁵Total chlorophylls (Ca + b) = 7.05 × A662 nm + 18.09 × A645 nm
⁶Total carotenoids (Cx + c) = (1000 × A470 nm - 1.90 × Ca - 63.14 × Cb)/214
⁷Total chlorophylls and carotenoids = (Ca + b) + (Cx + c)

ISSN: 1746-6148