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Table 1 Summary of treatment and outcome

From: Benign juvenile idiopathic epilepsy in captive Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus) in the ex situ conservation program (2005–2019)

Case

Sex

ASO

ATO

ALRS

AET

Treatment

Outcome

1

M

75

78

104

896

PHB

Epilepsy remission. Died at 3920 days. Postmortem: CRD

2

M

71

73

107

610

PHB

Epilepsy remission. Phenobarbital dose 0.44 mg/kg/SID since day 373. Died at 631 days. Postmortem: CRD.

3

M

116

124

125

712

PHB

Epilepsy remission. Died at 1409 days. Postmortem: CRD

4

M

157

191

Died at 192 days. Postmortem: Bacterial septicaemia (Salmonella spp)

5

M

75

77

457

Unfinished

PHB

ES remission. Phenobarbital dose 0.6 mg/kg/SID since day 1537. Current age 3543 days

6

M

63

64

76

Unfinished

PHB

Died at 134 days. Postmortem: Oesophageal foreign body.

7

F

69

82

1599

Unfinished

PHB, IMP

Died at 2526 days. Postmortem: Cardiac insufficiency.

8

F

62

66

87

452

PHB

Epilepsy remission. Current age 2845 days.

9

F

77

78

77

482

PHB

Epilepsy remission. Current age 2835 days.

10

F

64

66

398

Unfinished

PHB

Died at 428 days during cluster ES. Postmortem: Multiorgan failure and DIC associated with haemorrage and oedema affecting piriform and temporal lobes bilaterally.

11

F

64

65

66

99

PHB

Epilepsy remission. Current age 2101 days.

12

M

795

796

857

Unfinished

PHB, IMP

ES remission. Current age 2104 days.

13

M

74

75

140

Unfinished

PHB

ES remission. Phenobarbital dose 0.46 mg/kg/SID since day 522. Current age 1738 days.

14

M

67

68

68

1648

PHB

Epilepsy remission. Phenobarbital dose 0.42 mg/kg/SID since day 522. Current age 1738 days.

15

F

63

72

827

Unfinished

PHB, IMP

Euthanasia performed at 853 days due to a severe deterioration and poor quality of live. Postmortem: no significant findings.

16

F

65

71

900

Unfinished

PHB, IMP

ES remission. Current age 1753 days.

17

M

66

70

317

Unfinished

PHB

ES remission. Current age 1398 days.

18

M

63

67

451

Unfinished

PHB, IMP

Died at 451 days. Postmortem: Bacterial septicaemia (Streptococcus spp)

19

M

60

80

79

361

PHB, IMP

Epilepsy remission. Imepitoin started due to an early withdrawal of phenobarbital. Current age 956 days.

20

F

73

75

1148

Unfinished

PHB, LVT, PGB, ZNS

Euthanasia performed at 1157 days due to a severe deterioration and poor quality of live. Postmortem: no significant findings.

  1. Ages in days. ASO age at seizure onset, ATO age at treatment onset (phenobarbital), ALRS Age at last reported seizure, AET age at the end of treatment, PHB Phenobarbital, IMP imepitoin, LVT levetiracetam, PGB pregabalin, ZNS zonisamide, CRD chronic renal disease, ES Epileptic Seizure, DIC Disseminated intravascular coagulation