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Fig. 4 | BMC Veterinary Research

Fig. 4

From: Metformin activated AMPK signaling contributes to the alleviation of LPS-induced inflammatory responses in bovine mammary epithelial cells

Fig. 4

Expression of proteins related to NF-κB signaling. a Effect of pretreatment with metformin on the location of NF-κB p65 protein in bovine pbMEC treated with LPS. Cells were exposed to LPS for 6 h with or without pretreatment with metformin for 12 h. Afterward, immunofluorescence for NF-κB p65 (FITC) was performed, and the nuclear was stained with dye DAPI (blue). b, c Immunoblots and acquisition of intensity from the respective blots. The protein expression was normalized by the respective abundance of GAPDH. Full-length blots are presented in Additional file 1 Fig. S1B. All results are expressed as the means ± SD. Con, control; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; Metf, metformin; ML, LPS with metformin pretreatment. The letters in superscript indicate that the difference between groups was significant (P < 0.05)

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