Table 3 iPSC publications relating to tissue and disease modelling

 Fibroblasts

Neural Rosettes, neural crest-like cells, and peripheral sensory neural-like cells

Neural tissue

Indications of neural differentiation by the upregulation of sensory neuron genes and peripheral neuron markers

[121]

 Adult fibroblasts

Neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes

Neural tissue

Indications of neural differentiation by the presence of mature neural markers and morphology of neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes; indications of further differentiation into motor neurons.

[76]

 Fetal fibroblasts

Neural progenitor cells

Neural tissue

Production of neural progenitor cells with expression of neuronal markers

[41]

 Fetal fibroblasts

Endothelial cells

Endothelial tissue

Production of endothelial cells with morphological and functional properties

[30]

 Fetal fibroblasts

Hepatocyte-like cells

Liver tissue

Production of differentiated cells characteristic of hepatocytes by functional properties

[78]

 Adult fibroblasts

Hepatocyte-like cells

Liver tissue

Production of differentiated cells characteristic of hepatocytes functional properties

[50]

 Fetal fibroblasts

Vascular smooth muscle cells

Muscle tissue

Production of vascular smooth muscle cells capable of forming 3D scaffold-free tissue rings

[42]

 Adult fibroblasts

Cortical neurons

West Nile Virus (WNV) and Murray Valley Encephalitis (MVEV)

Successful infection of functional eiPSC-derived neurons by WNV and MVEV

[127]

 Adult keratinocytes

Cholinergic motor neurons

Motor Neurons

Production of functional neurons capable of generating action potentials

[86]

 Fetal and adult fibroblasts

Tenocytes

Tendons

Formation of three-dimensional artificial tendons

[128]

 Fetal fibroblasts

Skeletal myotubes

Muscle Tissue

Formation of eiPSC-derived muscle fibers with electrophysiological function

[122]

 Adult fibroblasts

Osteoblasts

Bone

Formation of eiPSC-derived bone tissue capable of secreting hydroxyapatite and calcium matrix

[129]

 Adult keratinocytes

Primary keratinocytes

Epidermal wounds

Creation of artificial tissues for potential skin graft applications

[84]

 Adult fibroblasts

MSCs

Cartilage and Bone Tissue

Formation of three-dimensional chondrogenic and osteogenic cultures

[130]

 Fetal fibroblasts

Mature megakaryocytes

Thrombocytopenia

Production of cells capable of releasing functional platelets upon signaling induction

[131]

 Adult testicular cells

N/A

Phthalate ester exposure

Significant reduction in androgen expression and increase in apoptosis

[94]

 Adult epithelial cells

Mammary epithelial-like cells

Mammary tissue

Indication of mammary phenotype for iPSCs cultured with progesterone

[97]

 Fetal fibroblasts

N/A

Goose influenza H5

Incorporation of replication-incompetent virus into iPSCs

[100]

 Fetal fibroblasts

N/A

Newcastle disease virus (NDV)

Successful infection of iPSCs with NDV; viable iPSCs exhibited increased tolerability

[132, 133]