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Table 2 Analysis of risk factors using PCR as dependent variable

From: Isolation of Mycobacterium avium and other nontuberculous mycobacteria in chickens and captive birds in peninsular Malaysia

Factor

Categories

Prevalence (%)

P-value

OR

95%Cl

Location

F4*

1/11 (9)

 

1.0

Ref

F13#

2/11 (18.2)

0.5

0.450

0.035–5.843

F14#

2/12 (20)

0.5

0.5

0.039–6.43 s

F15#

1/21 (4.7)

0.5

2.0

0.113–35.41

No of birds

< 50

5/67

 

1.0

Ref

> 500

1/141

0.01a

11.47

1.313–100.3

Type of the birds

Village chicken

1/57

 

1.0

Ref

Layer chicken

0/100

–

–

NA

Captive pet birds

5/85

0.22

.28

0.03–2.512

Breed of birds

Local chicken

1/157

  

Ref

Exotic captive birds

5/85

0.02a

0.103

0.012–0.893

Feed

Commercial

2/168

  

Ref

Local

4/74

0.07

0.21

0.038–1.178

Source of water

Open surface tank

4/80

  

Ref

Drinkers

2/162

0.09

4.21

0.75–23.495

Hygiene

Good

3/131

  

Ref

Fair

3/71

0.35

0.531

0.104–2.704

Poor

0/40

   

Access of wild birds

Yes

5/122

  

Ref

No

1/120

0.1

5.08

0.585–44.191

  1. * Village chicken; # exotic captive birds; a significant difference; Ref reference category, NA not applicable, OR Odd ratio, Cl Confidence interval. Facilities F1–3, F5–12 and F16–19 were not included in the analysis as there was zero prevalence in the facilities