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Table 2 Doppler-derived echocardiographic parameters in geriatric rhesus macaques

From: Echocardiographic reference intervals with allometric scaling of 823 clinically healthy rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)

 

Reference Intervals

Echo parameters

Mean

SD

Range

Lower limit

Upper limit

Ao Vmax (m/sec)

1.12

0.21

0.53–1.77

0.6

1.64

A wave (m/sec)

0.57

0.14

0.19–1.0

0.3

0.84

E wave (m/sec)

0.85

0.18

0.45–1.5

0.5

1.2

E/A

1.54

0.40

0.91–3.67

0.75

2.33

LV IVRT (sec)

55.1

9.09

30–85

37.3

72.9

E: LV IVRT

0.02

0.0059

0.01–0.04

0.004

0.027

E’ wave medial (m/sec)

0.071

0.014

0.037–0.12

0.042

0.099

A’ wave medial (m/sec)

0.052

0.021

0.028–0.52

0.012

0.093

E’/A’ medial

1.41

0.32

0.9–2.74

0.78

2.0

E/E’ medial

12.4

3.0

0.62–23.8

6.52

18.28

E’ wave lateral (m/sec)

0.1

0.022

0.045–0.16

0.06

0.15

A’ wave lateral (m/sec)

0.06

0.016

0.028–0.06

0.029

0.092

E’/A’ lateral

1.77

0.48

0.96–3.87

0.83

2.71

E/E’ lateral

8.7

2.24

4.49–19.7

4.3

13.1

PV Vmax (m/s)

1.021

0.17

0.61–1.87

0.67

1.65

PV ET (sec)

216.98

25.71

150–300

133.97

288.52

PV AT (sec)

77.59

15.86

21–132

29.47

123.02

PV AT/ET

0.36

0.066

0.2–0.57

0.17

0.58

RV S′ Vmax (m/s)

0.096

0.024

0.04–0.17

0.04

0.17

  1. A wave, passive filling velocity; A’ wave, late diastolic mitral annulus motion; E wave, atrial contraction velocity; E’ wave, early diastolic mitral annulus motion: LV IVRT; left ventricular isovolumic relaxation time; PVAT, pulmonary valve acceleration time; PVET, pulmonary valve ejection time; Ao Vmax, peak velocity for aortic flow; PV Vmax, peak velocity for pulmonary flow; RV S′ Vmax, tricuspid peak systolic annular velocity
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BMC Veterinary Research

ISSN: 1746-6148

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