Table 2 The effect of Bacillus velezensis on the egg quality of laying hens

Egg quality index of the first phase

EW (g)

62.168 ± 0.801

63.154 ± 1.141

61.659 ± 0.537

58.968 ± 3.766

ESI

1.312 ± 0.007

1.312 ± 0.005

1.299 ± 0.008

1.305 ± 0.008

ESC

26.234 ± 0.491

27.752 ± 1.444

27.110 ± 0.005

26.511 ± 0.414

ESS (× 10⁵Pa)

4.227 ± 0.086^a

4.147 ± 0.019^a

3.832 ± 0.117^b

3.942 ± 0.103^ab

YW (g)

15.835 ± 0.293

16.205 ± 0.167

16.006 ± 0.165

15.901 ± 0.732

ESW(g)

8.941 ± 0.138

8.803 ± 0.101

8.651 ± 0.155

8.675 ± 0.119

YC

6.363 ± 1.028

7.713 ± 0.560

7.365 ± 0.771

7.302 ± 0.844

AH (mm)

6.345 ± 0.673

7.733 ± 0.122

6.946 ± 0.828

6.962 ± 0.709

HU

75.497 ± 5.646

86.621 ± 0.864

80.701 ± 6.826

82.039 ± 6.139

TG (mg/g)

79.455 ± 8.725

102.570 ± 7.959

136.104 ± 4.681

124.865 ± 6.275

CH (mg/g)

17.736 ± 0.312

16.713 ± 0.499

17.177 ± 0.307

17.059 ± 0.617

Egg quality index of the second phase

EW (g)

63.521 ± 0.290

61.328 ± 1.364

60.575 ± 0.298

61.726 ± 1.449

ESI

1.316 ± 0.003

1.307 ± 0.006

1.314 ± 0.008

1.318 ± 0.013

ESC

25.011 ± 0.593

23.507 ± 0.172

26.638 ± 1.958

24.901 ± 0.497

ESS (× 10⁵Pa)

3.397 ± 0.066

3.868 ± 0.053

4.027 ± 0.173

3.776 ± 0.147

YW (g)

16.011 ± 0.125

15.486 ± 0.342

15.714 ± 0.134

16.144 ± 0.322

ESW (g)

9.096 ± 0.206

8.747 ± 0.270

8.724 ± 0.079

8.542 ± 0.247

YC

6.834 ± 0.190^b

7.203 ± 0.245^ab

7.330 ± 0.113^ab

7.403 ± 0.099^a

AH (mm)

6.933 ± 0.021^c

8.356 ± 0.170^a

8.116 ± 0.073^a

7.521 ± 0.178^b

HU

80.464 ± 1.378^c

90.467 ± 0.787^a

89.454 ± 0.415^a

85.036 ± 1.606^b

TG (mg/g)

287.995 ± 12.579

255.341 ± 44.683

278.300 ± 12.529

306.650 ± 53.577

CH (mg/g)

25.751 ± 2.445

24.413 ± 2.700

25.317 ± 1.323

18.805 ± 1.457