Dietary fermented soybean meal replacement alleviates diarrhea in weaned piglets challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88 by modulating inflammatory cytokine levels and cecal microbiota composition

Table 3 Effects of dietary fermented soybean meal (FSBM) replacement and/or Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) K88 infusion on plasma cytokines concentrations in weaned piglets ^1,2

Item	- ETEC K88		+ ETEC K88		SEM	P-value
Item	- FSBM	+ FSBM	- FSBM	+ FSBM	SEM	FSBM	ETEC K88	FSBM × ETEC K88
TNF-α (ng/L)	146.1^c	133.0^c	234.4^a	179.7^b	9.73	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.03
IL-1β (ng/L)	15.1	13.2	18.9	15.6	0.67	0.03	0.01	0.52
IL-6 (ng/L)	13.1	9.6	15.1	13.8	0.30	0.02	< 0.01	0.41
IL-10 (ng/L)	96.3	112.0	80.4	95.9	3.31	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.97

¹n = 06
² - ETEC K88 = infusing the phosphate buffer saline; + ETEC K88 = infusing the ETEC K88; - FSBM = control diet with 24% soybean meal; + FSBM = test diet with 6% FSBM added at the expense of soybean meal
^a,b,c Mean values within a row with unlike superscript letters were significantly different (p < 0.05)
TNF-α Tumor necrosis factor-α; IL-1β Interleukin-1β; IL-6 Interleukin-6; IL-10 Interleukin-10

ISSN: 1746-6148