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Table 4 Relative abundances of metabolic functions (based on subsystem annotation) as determined by shotgun metagenomic sequencing of the rumen microbiome as affected by Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation products (SCFP) supplementation and a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) challenge

From: Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation products (SCFP) stabilize the ruminal microbiota of lactating dairy cows during periods of a depressed rumen pH

Item No SCFP SCFP SEM   P-value
Control SARA Control SARA SARA SCFP SARA *SCFP
Amino Acids and Derivatives 9.78 12.44 8.14 7.94 1.95 0.53 0.13 0.47
Carbohydrates 13.11 12.44 17.17 14.24 1.78 0.32 0.11 0.53
Cell Division and Cell Cycle 0.23 0.2 0.26 0.34 0.12 0.84 0.49 0.62
Cell Wall and Capsule 7.72 4.5 4.2 5.58 1.19 0.45 0.32 0.06
Clustering-based Subsystems 2.04 3.67 2.71 2.49 0.67 0.3 0.7 0.18
Cofactors, Vitamins, Prosthetic Groups, Pigments 2.52 3.5 2.98 2.8 0.5 0.43 0.81 0.25
DNA Metabolism 1.82 1.65 1.48 1.84 0.37 0.8 0.84 0.48
Dormancy and Sporulation 0.03 0.55 0.03 0.12 0.24 0.23 0.37 0.39
Fatty Acids, Lipids, and Isoprenoids 4.72 4.95 8.08 2.78 1.99 0.21 0.77 0.18
Iron Acquisition and Metabolism 0.34 0.57 0.79 0.34 0.22 0.62 0.64 0.13
Membrane Transport 0.39 0.72 0.79 0.62 0.17 0.63 0.39 0.16
Metabolism of Aromatic Compounds 0.7b 1.24a 0.58b 1.48a 0.03 0.04 0.86 0.59
Miscellaneous 2.39 3.26 3.03 2.56 0.54 0.72 0.96 0.23
Motility and Chemotaxis 0.08 0.25 0.13 0.51 0.18 0.13 0.39 0.57
Nitrogen Metabolism 1.7x 0.86y 1.18 1.39 0.26 0.24 0.99 0.06
Nucleosides and Nucleotides 0.55 0.63 1.05x 0.37y 0.19 0.13 0.53 0.06
Phages, Prophages, Transposable Elements, Plasmids 21.64 19.52 18.61 19.13 8.53 0.88 0.8 0.92
Phosphorus Metabolism 0.11 0.16 0.99a 0.14b 0.18 0.03 0.02 0.02
Photosynthesis 0.11b 0.18a 0.09b 0.19a 0.03 0.01 0.91 0.64
Potassium Metabolism 0.05 0.07 0.12 0.02 0.03 0.24 0.82 0.10
Protein Metabolism 16.18 16.69 11.71 19.18 2.19 0.08 0.66 0.12
Regulation and Cell Signaling 0.17 0.16 0.29 0.15 0.07 0.29 0.48 0.35
Respiration 6.08 4.67 5.72 7.38 0.91 0.89 0.21 0.10
RNA Metabolism 6.1 4.64 5.62 6.82 1.04 0.9 0.42 0.21
Secondary Metabolism 0.12 0.35 1.99 0.59 0.52 0.27 0.05 0.13
Stress Response 0.23 0.52 0.75 0.59 0.16 0.66 0.08 0.18
Sulfur Metabolism 0.31b 0.93a 0.54 0.44 0.17 0.15 0.47 0.05
Virulence, Disease and Defense 0.76 0.68 0.97 0.96 0.23 0.86 0.31 0.88
  1. 1SEM standard error of mean
  2. a, bLSmeans with different letters within SCFP treatment (No SCFP or SCFP) differ (P < 0.05)
  3. x, yLSmeans with different letters within SCFP treatment (No SCFP or SCFP) tend to differ (P < 0.10)
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