Table 2 Distribution of farmers´ stated reasons for Estonian culled dairy cows due to death and slaughter over lactation stages in years 2013 to 2015
From: Culling reasons and risk factors in Estonian dairy cows
Primiparous cows | Multiparous cows | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reason of culling | < 100 DACa,b | 101–200 DACa,b | ≥200 DACa,b | < 100 DACa,b | 101–200 DACa,b | ≥200 DACa,b |
Feet/claw disorders | 1575 (27.2) | 539 (30.9) | 761 (19.7) | 4990 (25.6) | 2721 (33.1) | 3496 (24.6) |
Respiratory and infectious diseases | 95 (1.6) | 44 (2.5) | 69 (1.8) | 258 (1.3) | 93 (1.1) | 108 (0.8) |
Metabolic and digestive disorders | 991 (17.1) | 200 (11.5) | 336 (8.7) | 6177 (31.7) | 913 (11.1) | 1037 (7.3) |
Fertility problems | 173 (3.0) | 85 (4.9) | 1478 (38.2) | 615 (3.2) | 332 (4.0) | 3998 (28.1) |
Dystocia | 520 (9.0) | 2 (0.1) | 39 (1.0) | 793 (4.1) | 2 (0.02) | 91 (0.6) |
Trauma and accident | 326 (5.6) | 107 (6.1) | 182 (4.7) | 826 (4.2) | 256 (3.2) | 370 (2.6) |
Udder disorders | 1120 (19.4) | 437 (25.0) | 489 (12.7) | 4140 (21.2) | 2876 (35.0) | 2987 (21.0) |
Low milk yield | 526 (9.1) | 159 (9.1) | 245 (6.4) | 381 (2.0) | 383 (4.7) | 758 (5.3) |
Age | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.003) | 133 (0.7) | 140 (1.7) | 420 (3.0) |
Otherc | 456 (7.9) | 174 (10.0) | 267 (6.9) | 1181 (6.0) | 494 (6.0) | 954 (6.7) |
Total | 5782 (50.7)d | 1747 (15.3)d | 3867 (33.9)4 | 19,494 (46.5)e | 8210 (19.6)e | 14,219 (33.9)e |