Table 2 Clinical and outcome information for dogs diagnosed with idiopathic vestibular syndrome

Age

Median 84.5 months (range 15–175)

Sex

Male n = 78/128 (61%)

Female n = 50/128 (39%)

Onset of clinical signs

Acute n = 118/128 (92%)

Chronic n = 10/128 (8%)

Progression of clinical signs

Progressive n = 21/122 (17%)

Non-progressive n = 94/122 (77%)

Waxing/waning n = 7/122 (6%)

Neurological abnormalities on examination

Head tilt n = 126/128 (98%)

Nystagmus n = 68/128 (53%)

Ataxia n = 79/128 (61%)

Facial paralysis n = 64/128 (50%)

Positional strabismus n = 61/128 (48%)

Horner syndrome n = 4/128 (3%)

MRI findings

No abnormalities n = 83/128 (65%)

CN VII enhancement n = 30/128 (23%)

CN VIII enhancement n = 5/128 (4%)

CN VII and VIII enhancement n = 10/128 (8%)

CSF abnormalities

Mild pleocytosis n = 2/81 (2%)

Albuminocytological dissociation = 4/81 (5%)

Outcome information

Complete recovery n = 47/94 (50%)

Persistence of clinical signs n = 47/94 (50%)

Facial paralysis n = 28/94 (30%)

Head tilt n = 25/94 (27%)

Ataxia n = 4/94 (4%)

Recurrence of clinical signs

Recurrence n = 19/85 (22%)

No recurrence n = 66/85 (78%)