From: Postmortem findings in Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) caught in a drift gillnet
System | Macroscopic findings (n = 20) | P | Microscopic findings (n = 20) | P |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cardiovascular System | Cardiac congestion | 30% (6) | Cardiac congestion | 15% (3) |
Cardiomegaly | 5% (1) | |||
Dilated atria | 5% (1) | |||
Jugular vein engorgement (bilateral) | 50% (10) | |||
Respiratory System | Pulmonary edema | 100% (20) | Pneumonia | 55% (11) |
Pulmonary congestion | 100% (20) | - Mild to moderate acute diffuse granulocytic pneumonia | 35% (7) | |
Pulmonary hemorrhage | 20% (4) | - Acute diffuse pneumonia | 20% (4) | |
Tracheal hemorrhage | 5% (1) | Mild to moderate pulmonary congestion | 40% (8) | |
Tracheal blood cloth | 5% (1) | Mild to moderate pulmonary edema | 35% (7) | |
Frothy fluid in the trachea | 5% (1) | Mild tracheal congestion | 5% (1) | |
Mild to moderate tracheal edema | 5% (1) | |||
Mild segmented mononuclear tracheitis | 5% (1) | |||
Distension of the tracheal lymphoid tissue | 5% (1) | |||
Mild extension of the tracheal lamina propria | 5% (1) | |||
Gastrointestinal Tract | Parasitosis (Nematode, Contracaecum pelagicum) | 75% (15) | Acute diffuse mild esophagitis | 15% (3) |
Parasitosis (Trematode, Cardiocephaloides physalis) | 55% (11) | Mild to moderate multifocal coalescent esophageal microabscesses | 10% (2) | |
Parasitosis (Cestode, Tetrabothrius lutzi) | 40% (8) | Mild enteric congestion | 5% (1) | |
Intestinal congestion | 25% (5) | Mild to moderate acute diffuse granulocytic proventricular infiltrate | 5% (1) | |
Stomach congestion | 15% (3) | Mild to moderate acute diffuse proventriculitis | 5% (1) | |
Marine debris | 10% (2) | Proventricular ulcer | 5% (1) | |
Mild to moderate acute diffuse ventricular infiltrate | 5% (1) | |||
Parasitic enteritis | 65% (13) | |||
Parasitic typhlitis | 20% (4) | |||
Coccidiosis | 5% (1) | |||
Hepatobiliary System | Hepatomegaly | 20% (4) | Hepatic extramedullary hematopoiesis | 35% (7) |
Hepatic congestion | 5% (1) | Mild to moderate lymphoplasmacytic hepatitis | 25% (5) | |
Mild mixed multifocal hepatitis | 5% (1) | |||
Mild predominantly mononuclear periportal hepatitis with rare granulocytes | 5% (1) | |||
Mild perivascular lymphocytic hepatitis | 5% (1) | |||
Granulocytic hepatitis | 5% (1) | |||
Mild to moderate diffuse hepatic congestion | 15% (3) | |||
Hepatic duct hyperplasia | 10% (2) | |||
Hepatic hemosiderosis | 10% (2) | |||
Mild to moderate diffuse vacuolar hepatic degeneration | 5% (1) | |||
Central Nervous System | Brain congestion | 100% (20) | Cerebral congestion | 95% (19) |
Meningeal congestion | 25% (5) | |||
Skull cap congestion | 10% (2) | |||
Lymphoid System | Splenomegaly | 55% (11) | Mild to moderate lymphoid splenic hyperplasia | 55% (11) |
Splenic congestion | 35% (7) | Mild to moderate splenic histiocytosis | 35% (7) | |
Congestion of the bursa of Fabricius | 5% (1) | Mild to moderate acute diffuse splenitis | 35% (7) | |
Mild splenic congestion | 10% (2) | |||
Mild splenic lymphocytolysis | 10% (2) | |||
Moderate splenic lymphoid proliferation | 5% (1) | |||
Hyperplasia of the splenic germinative centre with arteriole displacement | 5% (1) | |||
Necrosis of the splenic germinative centre | 5% (1) | |||
Genitourinary System | Renal congestion | 20% (4) | Renal congestion | 40% (8) |
Interstitial nephritis | 10% (2) | |||
Histiocytic lymphoplasmacytic multifocal nephritis | 5% (1) | |||
Musculoskeletal System | Bilateral scapulohumeral joint edema | 5% (1) | NAa | NA |
Integumentary System | Abrasion, bruising, and local erythema and edema of the wings | 50% (10/20) | NAa | |
Miscellaneous findings | Generalized hemoglobin impregnation | 3/20 | Pancreatic congestion | 10% (2) |
Caseous material in the mesentery | 5% (1) | Harderian gland congestion | 5% (1) | |
Thyroid congestion | 5% (1) | |||
Parathyroid congestion | 5% (1) |