Table 1 Effects influencing the individual birth weight of puppies. Comparison of the variance components of a model without covariates (Model 1) and a model with covariates (2). The direct-maternal covariance was held at zero
From: Heritabilities for the puppy weight at birth in Labrador retrievers
Covariate/Variance | Model 1 | Model 2 |
|---|---|---|
Adult weight of the dam in kg | Â | 5.30 |
Inbreeding coefficient of the individual |  | −81.20 |
Inbreeding coefficient of the dam | Â | 101.17 |
Sex |  | −24.37 |
Year of birth | Â | 2.16 |
Length of gestation in days | Â | 5.84 |
Size of the litter |  | −11.40 |
Parity | Â | 3.95 |
Parity squared |  | −4.18 |
Variance direct genetic | 1032.40 | 657.13 |
Variance maternal genetic | 1088.56 | 835.16 |
Variance dam environmental | 357.67 | 273.48 |
Variance litter environmental | 701.47 | 324.80 |
Residual | 1765.53 | 1787.46 |
Total variance | 4945.64 | 3878.04 |