Gastrointestinal investigation of parasites and Enterobacteriaceae in loggerhead sea turtles from Italian coasts

Pace, Antonino; Rinaldi, Laura; Ianniello, Davide; Borrelli, Luca; Cringoli, Giuseppe; Fioretti, Alessandro; Hochscheid, Sandra; Dipineto, Ludovico

doi:10.1186/s12917-019-2113-4

Table 1 Parasites and Enterobacteriaceae detected in 30 Caretta caretta recovered along the western and eastern coasts of southern Italy

From: Gastrointestinal investigation of parasites and Enterobacteriaceae in loggerhead sea turtles from Italian coasts

Turtle ID	Faecal samples		Cloacal swabs
Turtle ID	Parasites	EPG/OPG^a	Bacteria^b
WEST 01	Trematodes		Citrobacter spp.
	Angiodyctium spp.	8
	Coccidia
	Eimeria carettae	48
WEST 02	Negative	–	Negative
WEST 03	Negative	–	Proteus spp.
WEST 04	Negative	–	Citrobacter spp.; Morganella morganii
WEST 05	Negative	–	Citrobacter spp.; Morganella morganii
WEST 06	Negative	–	Citrobacter spp.; Morganella morganii
WEST 07	Negative	–	Citrobacter spp.; Morganella morganii; Proteus spp.
WEST 08	Negative	–	Enterobacter spp.; Escherichia coli
WEST 09	Trematodes		Citrobacter spp.; Proteus spp.
WEST 09	Cymatocarpus spp.	35	Citrobacter spp.; Proteus spp.
WEST 10	Negative	–	Negative
WEST 11	Negative	–	Citrobacter spp.; Morganella morganii
WEST 12	Negative	–	Citrobacter spp.; Morganella morganii
WEST 13	Coccidia		Citrobacter spp.; Enterobacter spp.
WEST 13	Eimeria carettae	50	Citrobacter spp.; Enterobacter spp.
WEST 14	Negative	–	Negative
WEST 15	Trematodes		Citrobacter spp.; Escherichia coli
WEST 15	Enodiotrema spp.	64	Citrobacter spp.; Escherichia coli
WEST 16	Negative	–	Citrobacter spp.; Enterobacter spp.; Morganella morganii; Proteus spp.; Providencia rettgeri
WEST 17	Coccidia		c
WEST 17	Eimeria carettae	70	c
WEST 18	Trematodes		c
WEST 18	Angiodyctium spp.	48	c
WEST 19	Negative	–	c
WEST 20	Trematodes		c
WEST 20	Enodiotrema spp.	14	c
EAST 01	Negative	–	Negative
EAST 02	Trematodes		Hafnia alvei; Morganella morganii; Providencia rettgeri
EAST 02	Rhytidodes spp.	140
EAST 03	Negative	–	Citrobacter spp.
EAST 04	Negative	–	Negative
EAST 05	Trematodes		Citrobacter spp.
EAST 05	Rhytidodes spp.	24	Citrobacter spp.
EAST 06	Negative	–	Citrobacter spp.; Morganella morganii
EAST 07	Trematodes		Morganella morganii
EAST 07	Pachypsolus spp.	180	Morganella morganii
EAST 08	Trematodes		c
	Enodiotrema spp.	80
	Rhytidodes spp.	112
EAST 09	Negative	–	c
EAST 10	Negative	–	c

^a EPG/OPG, eggs/oocysts per gram of faeces
^b Bacterial species were confirmed when the API identification matched at least ‘very good ID’ (%id> 99.0 and T > 0.5)
^c Sample excluded from analysis due to suspected contamination

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