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Table 3 Prevalence of, and change in phenotypic AMR in ESBL-producing E. coli isolated from hospitalised horses in two different cohorts from the same equine hospital sampled 10 years apart (2008 and 2017) TMPS- Trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole, MDR - multidrug resistance (defined as resistance to 3 or more antimicrobial classes)

From: Emergence of carriage of CTX-M-15 in faecal Escherichia coli in horses at an equine hospital in the UK; increasing prevalence over a decade (2008–2017)

Antimicrobial agent/phenotype

2008 cohort (n = 135)

Prevalence (95% CI)

2017 cohort (n = 187)

Prevalence (95% CI)

% change

Total (%)

P value

Amoxicillin (%)

135

100 (97.2–100)

187

100 (98.0–100)

0

322 (100)

1.0 †

Cefpodoxime (%)

130

96.3 (91.6–98.4)

187

100 (98.0–100)

+ 3.7

317 (98.4)

0.01†

Ceftiofur (%)

123

91.1 (85.1–94.8)

182

97.3 (93.9–98.9)

+ 6.2

305 (94.7)

0.03

Gentamicin (%)

118

87.4 (80.8–92.0)

181

96.8 (93.2–98.5)

+ 9.4

299 (92.9)

0.0026

TMPS (%)

133

98.5 (94.8–99.6)

159

85.0 (79.2–89.4)

−13.5

292 (90.7)

< 0.001

Doxycycline (%)

53

39.3 (31.4–47.7)

172

92.0 (87.2–95.1)

+ 52.7

225 (69.9)

< 0.001

Enrofloxacin (%)

36

26.7 (19.9–34.7)

62

33.2 (26.8–40.2)

+ 6.5

98 (30.4)

0.3

MDR (%)

120

88.9 (82.5–93.2)

176

94.1 (89.8–96.7)

+ 5.2

296 (91.9)

0.1

  1. P-value provided for Chi-squared test apart from where † indicates use of Fisher’s Exact Test