Fig. 4From: Magnetic resonance image findings in pug dogs with thoracolumbar myelopathy and concurrent caudal articular process dysplasiaMagnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography of the thoracolumbar spine of case no. 18. a = T2-weighted sagittal MRI, b = T2-weighted transverse MRI at affected level T11–12 (corresponding to dashed line from image a), c = sagittal reconstruction of CT centred on T11–12, d = Three-dimensional reconstruction of CT viewed from a dorsolateral aspect. There is extra-dural spinal cord compression due to T11–12 intervertebral disc protrusion (images a and b). The vertebral column adopts a kyphotic appearance with marked narrowing of the T11–12 intervertebral disc space, with apposing vertebral end-plate sclerosis, ventral spondylosis deformans and slight retrolisthesis (image c; arrowed). There is bilateral aplasia of the caudal articular processes of T11 with an increase in the distance between the dorsal laminae of T11 and T12 (image d; asterisk)Back to article page