Fig. 3
Dendrogram showing the relatedness of 47 blaCTX-M/blaCMY-2-producing Escherichia coli isolates from healthy chickens in Vietnam, based on pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns. The dendrogram was generated using Dice coefficient and the unweighted pair-group method and arithmetic average (UPGMA). Based on a similarity index of ≥60% (continuous line), 26 majors clusters (I-XXVI) were found inside which 41 PFGE groups (in arabic numerals) were identified when the similarity was set at 80% (discontinued line). AMR: antimicrobial resistance; antimicrobial NS*: antimicrobial nonsusceptibility; Trimeth-sulf: trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole; Amoxi/clav: Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; Chloramphen: Chloramphenicol. None of the ESBL/AmpC-producing isolates were positive to AMR gene tetC and none was carrier of virulence genes sfa, afa or cnf, then these genes were removed from the dendrogram