Treatment of corn with lactic acid or hydrochloric acid modulates the rumen and plasma metabolic profiles as well as inflammatory responses in beef steers

Table 1 Ingredients and nutrient composition of the experimental diets

^aLA is the treatment diet based on corn grain steeped for 48 h in an equal quantity of tap water containing 1% lactic acid (wt/vol), HA is the treatment diet based on corn grain steeped for 48 h in an equal quantity of tap water containing 1% hydrochloric acid (wt/vol), and CON is the control diet containing corn grain steeped for 48 h in an equal quantity of tap water
^bFormulated to provide the following (per kg diet): Fe (as ferrous sulfate), 50 mg; Cu (as copper sulfate), 10 mg; Mn (as manganese sulfate), 20 mg; Co (as cobaltous sulfate), 0.1 mg; Zn (as zinc sulfate), 30 mg; I (as potassium iodate), 0.5 mg; Se (as sodium selenite), 0.1 mg; vitamin A, 2240 IU; vitamin D₃, 500 IU; vitamin E, 40 IU; riboflavin, 6.2 mg; nicotinic acid, 22 mg; D-pantothenic acid, 22 mg; vitamin B₁₂, 0.02 mg; biotin, 0.15 mg; and choline, 0.92 mg
^cNonfiber carbohydrate (%) = 100 - (% neutral detergent fibre + % crude protein + % ether extract + % crude ash)

ISSN: 1746-6148